BUDIDAYA PERIKANAN |
- Using Fish Tank Accessories To Beautify Your Fish Tank
- Fish Games
- Basics Of Saltwater Tropical Fish
- How To Grow Daphnia For The Aquarium
- Skin and Gill Flukes in Tropical Fish
- fish disease - Ciliate
- Sand Sea Cucumber
| Using Fish Tank Accessories To Beautify Your Fish Tank Posted: 14 Feb 2010 06:49 AM PST
by: George Chao Did you know that you can make your fish tank beautiful by using fish tank accessories? Regardless of the size of your fish tank, there are fish tank accessories available for your kind of tank and your budget. If you have a large fish tank, you can make it even more appealing by adding fish tank accessories to it. These fish tank accessories help enhance the beauty of your fish. You may be pleasantly surprised to know that fish tank accessories do not require a lot of money. In fact, there are fish tanks that already come with accessories already built in. If your fish tank holds 10 gallons of water or more, install fish tank accessories such as a water pump and an air filter. A water pump keep the water in the tank moving continuously and freely. In addition, with a water pump, you won't have to change the water too often. The air filter, on the other hand, will supply the water with oxygen. Depending on where you live and how the temperature changes where you live, a heater and water thermometer are two more fish tank accessories that you may need to purchase. A heater is an essential fish tank accessory as it will help keep the temperature in the tank constant. Regulating the water temperature is important to keeping your fish alive; too high or too cool a temperature will kill your fish. A water thermometer will help you monitor the water temperature to ensure that your fish is safe. You can further beautify your fish tank by adding lights. Keep in mind, though, when you are shopping for fish tank accessories that these items come in standard sizes so you want to pick the ones that are appropriate for the size of your fish tank. In case you have a very large fish tank, you may have to check into having some fish tank accessories customized. Installing fish tank accessories like a water pump, air filter, heater and water temperature does not imply that you should stop taking an active part in taking care of your fish. You still need to keep a close watch over your fish and make sure that the fish tank is regularly cleaned and maintained. This is the only way you can be sure that your fish stay healthy and alive. About The Author George Chao, owner of http://www.digitalexcellent.com For more Fish Tank articles, please visit http://www.digitalexcellent.com/fishtank/ cetak halaman ini budidaya ikan  |
| Posted: 14 Feb 2010 05:55 AM PST
by: Rotem Gavish Its noon, the kids came back from school and start fighting, it's hectic as always and all you want is a little piece and quiet. What do you do? Well, this is exactly what the computers are for! Just open the Internet and let the fun start in this article I'm going to tell you a little about the popular genres of fish games. The content in these fish games must consist of games that are suitable for kids, take a tour on the site, check out the content and see if it doesn't have any inappropriate games or adult pictures. Also a good fish games site must have lots of fish hunts, fishing and chasing fish games. As you know fish games like all games are offer fun, quality time and usually they are free for everyone. A big clue to the popularity of this genre is the fact that fish games are even making their way to the phone Touch and to regular cellular in large. Usually fish games involve the need of catching fish, chasing them up and escaping from the big ones. Fish games are made to be simple yet very fun games, without too much preparation and learning. Fish games are usually can be found in the kids games category, those games are activities designed specifically to entertain the young ones. These games are a new and growing form of entertainment and may work at low budget computers but also offered in advanced software that will fun only on fast computers. Lots of researches conducted insist kid's games such as fish games are an essential part of proper development and relaxing playtime. Fish games such as fish tales are all about eating small fish and by doing so you are growing and can eat bigger fish, but, you have to watch out there is always bigger fish then you. Sometimes it looks very easy but it improves your motor skills. Another popular fish game is Fish Tycoon. Fish Tycoon is a fish breeding sim game where you breed and care for exotic fish in a true real-time virtual aquarium. So, the next time you need solution for your kids, open your browser and let them enjoy the fun magical world of the fish free games sites! If you want to check my fish gamess section you are invited to http://www.aquariumpassion.com/fish-games.html?fid=3 About The Author Rotem Gavish is a fish expert. Dedicating his life to this beautiful hobby, his expertise is in all related to aquarium world such as fish, plants and invertebrates. Rotem established in his site a section dedicated to fish games. cetak halaman ini budidaya ikan  |
| Basics Of Saltwater Tropical Fish Posted: 14 Feb 2010 05:11 AM PST
by: Yvonne Volante Some folks believe that the saltwater tropical fish aquariums look better than the freshwater aquariums. But are they? Which do you like? Below are some ways to choose which type to choose for your home. Also, you may want to go to http://www.fhhome.com for more home decorating ideas. The answer lies in the fish! Saltwater or marine aquariums are made to house tropical fish that you find around reefs in the ocean. These fish come in shapes sizes and colors that make a dramatic impact. The freshwater fish simply cannot compete with these natural beauties. If you want these same gorgeous fish in your living room, you can setup and maintain a saltwater tank with only a bit more effort than your freshwater tank. They key is to choose hardy fish that will last as saltwater fish are much more fragile and more expensive than their freshwater counterparts. Some hardy fish you may want to consider for a saltwater tank include damsels, mollies and clownfish. Damsels are probably the most hardy fish and should certainly be considered for a new tank as well as for beginners. These fish are fairly inexpensive, are not finicky eaters and can withstand poor water conditions better than any other marine fish. Although they are not the most colorful of fish, they are certainly your best bet until you become experienced and have a stable tank. The only caveat is that some can be aggressive so you should limit yourself to 2 per tank. Mollies, the same fish that you use in freshwater tanks, can be acclimated to salt water tanks and are quite hardy. These fish are very inexpensive and a great way to start off your marine tank. If you buy mollies in the pet store from a freshwater tank, acclimate them by dripping salt water into the bag over a period of 8 hours or so - removing excess water when the bag gets too full and slowly increasing the salinity. While damsels and mollies may not be the most beautiful fish, the clownfish is certainly a colorful and interesting fish for your tank. These fish are fairly hardy but a bit more difficult to acclimate to a tank so you may not want to use them as starter fish. Clownfish are territorial but will only be aggressive with other clowns and are good for a community tank. Although clowns do like to live around a seas anemone, the will do fine without one which is good for the beginner since the anemone is fairly difficult to keep. These three types are a great way to begin. But you will eventually want to add other varieties of tropical fish. Consider basslets, wrasses, hawk and grammas to complement your tropical fish tank. Some difficult ones to keep, and therefore avoid, are mandarin, certain eels, butterfly fish and seahorses. About The Author Yvonne Volante, the author, is a big fan of tropical fish and writes for tropicalfishcares.com, which is the premier tropical fish resource on the internet. You can see all of the articles over at http://www.tropicalfishcares.com. cetak halaman ini budidaya ikan  |
| How To Grow Daphnia For The Aquarium Posted: 14 Feb 2010 02:51 AM PST
by: Alden Smith The benefits of feeding live food to fish in a community tank are many: live food will improve vigor and color, and more closely resemble the food found in the fish's natural habitat. Live food is easily obtained. Some drawbacks include the transmission of diseases or parasites to the aquarium, it is time consuming to maintain the cultures, and a lot of space needs to be devoted to raising live foods. The cost of equipment and supplies needed to maintain cultures is also a consideration for the beginner. In this article I will discuss how to raise Daphnia. This article will be part of an on-going series on live foods. You can find many more related articles on http://www.kingdiscus.com. Daphnia belong to a group known as the Daphniidae, and are close relatives of the freshwater shrimp, and the brine shrimp (Artemia). Their generic name is generally referred to as "water flea." This common name is derived from the jerky movements of Daphnia in the water. The over 150 different species can be found in North America, with a similar amount of species growing in Europe. Some of these species find common ground on both continents. Daphnia are a small crustacean, and are great to use as a fresh food because they will exist in the tank water until eaten by the fish. Daphnia can also be sterilized if it is felt necessary by placing in a 5% solution of Clorox for 3 to 5 minutes. Very few micro-organisms can survive this. Be sure, however, to rinse them thoroughly before feeding! Daphnia can be raised both indoors and outside. Many people raise daphnia in a small children's wading pool. A more controlled environment, however, is done indoors, and can be done year round if one lives in northern climes. This can be as simple as a couple of two liter bottles, to a 20 gallon tub purchased from a store such as Menard's. The ideal situation is to have as much oxygenated surface area as possible, so if there is room for a larger container, by all means use it. A shallower environment suits daphnia best for prolific growth. Setting up the environment for daphnia is quite simple. Many methods are used for collecting the water to use for the culture. The best advice I have heard is from Joe F. of Circle City Aquarium Club in Indianapolis, IN. He gave a presentation at the August meeting of Southwestern Michigan Aquarium Society, and recommends using tank water saved from a tank change. Joe has been raising live foods for a long time, and has had good success. His video presentation was top notch. PH levels for successful Daphnia cultures should be in the range of 6-8, and should be more alkaline than acidic. If raised outdoors, no aeration is needed. If raised indoors, aeration should be adjusted to produce large bubbles. Small bubbles in the daphnia culture will cause the bubbles to become lodged in the carapace of the culture, and they will die. Water temperatures for Daphnia magna are not a high requirement, but the optimal temperature should be in the 64-72 degree range. they are very tolerant to changes in temperature, and can withstand fluctuations down to freezing. In fact, Daphnia can be frozen and kept in the freezer, and then revived when needed. Moina withstand a higher fluctuation in temperature than do D. magna. Lighting should be in the neighborhood of eight or more hours light per day and light intensity equal to or greater than 850 lux. A simple light and a timer can accomplish this indoors. Feeding the Daphnia is where most aquarists fail. Daphnia feed on dissolved organic matter, yeast, various groups of bacteria, microalgae, and detritus, or mulm. Organic fertilizers, such as fresh cow manure. It is not recommended by our breeder, though, because of the antibiotics and supplements fed to dairy and beef cattle. A much better mixture is a combination of one tablespoon each of spirulina, soy flour, and active dry yeast, added to a pint of water. This mixture should be added so that the water is cloudy, but you are able to see the bottom clearly, and observe the Daphnia swimming in the culture. This mixture should be added carefully every two or three days, being careful not to over feed. At this time, you should see an abundance of Daphnia, and they can be harvested to feed your fish. Harvesting is quite simple - simply use a small aquarium net, observing that the smaller Daphnia fall through the netting to grow further. In this way, the adults are harvested, and can be fed to your fish. The younger Daphnia can go on to produce still more fish food. Harvested Daphnia can be kept in the refrigerator for several days in clean water. Daphnia are high in protein, and a very good diet for tropical fish. Some aquarists feed them exclusively. They provide up to 70% protein to your tropical fish, and are an excellent source of live food for the aquarium. Much can be written on the culturing of Daphnia. this guide is only meant to help the beginner to live foods to establish a colony, and feed live food high in protein to their fish. A series of article on live foods is forthcoming, and can be viewed at http://www.kingdiscus.com. About The Author Alden Smith is a published author who has been publishing on the internet for 7 years. Visit his website, http://www.kindiscus.com, for articles, software, and other resources. This article is one of a series available at http://www.kingdiscus.com. cetak halaman ini budidaya ikan  |
| Skin and Gill Flukes in Tropical Fish Posted: 14 Feb 2010 02:27 AM PST
by: Nate Jamieson While parasites of various types are often responsible for fish rubbing themselves against objects in the tank, sometimes to the point of causing raw skin, it can be difficult to identify which parasite it is, unless you have a very good visual of it. In the case of skin fluke, which is a parasitic flatworm, they are unlikely to show themselves to the extent where you would be able to remove them manually as you can with leeches or fish lice. One of the common denominators they have with other parasite infections, is they can cause redness of skin, but so can rubbing against stones and wood. However, skin fluke also causes a fading of color, and because the treatment is common to other types of parasites, you are best to go with a general medication, such as Droncit or formalin baths, when unsure whether it is skin fluke or not. Remove severely affected fish to a hospital tank. The standard treatments of adding 1 tbs. of aquarium salt to a daily change of water in the home aquarium, and raising the tank temperature by four degrees also applies. This is used for most parasites, including gill fluke, which has more obvious and visual symptoms. Gill fluke is a worm that specifically attacks the gill membranes, causing them to turn red and acquire a coating of slime that makes it difficult to breathe. Fish will hang at the water's surface, gasp, and lose weight rapidly. The same tank treatments as skin fluke can be used, but with gill fluke, removing to a hospital tank and adding short baths in either formalin, salt or ammonium hydroxide to the regimen will help kill what is on the fish, and you can then treat their environment. About The Author Nate Jamieson Love Tropical Fish? Find out how to create a beautiful, low-cost tropical fish aquarium with complimentary tips at http://www.TropicalFishIsland.com cetak halaman ini budidaya ikan  |
| Posted: 14 Feb 2010 01:58 AM PST
A.2. Ciliate Parasites are usually moved by using vibrating hairs (cilia). Parasites are usually infects the skin, fins and gills of fish. As for some diseases caused by the ciliate include 1. lchthyophthiriasis The reason is lchthyophthirius multifiliis. The disease is often called white spots disease in accordance with the resulting clinical symptoms. Types of fish that can be infected by this disease is almost all types of freshwater fish. including ornamental fish. The size of many fish are fish infected seeds or if the adult size Mas fish will be infected. Clinical symptoms are easily observed with the white spots on the infected body part. infected fish rubbed his body on the bottom / wall of the container cultivation. Fish seen gasping for air, especially when the parasite infects the gills. In such circumstances the death of the fish will usually high, because the fish susceptible to interference due to absorption of oxygen from fish gills infected. Prevention of this disease among others - Use of water quality balk - The equipment used should be disinfected prior - Keep the water temperature at the level of 28 ° C. Treatment of infected fish can be done in a way: soaking fish infected with a mixture of 25 ppm formalin for 24 hours. Move the fish into the water with a temperature of 28 ° C will help these parasites knocked out. Tricodiniasis Causes are: Trichodina sp and Trichodinella sp. Trichodina sp. infects the skin and fins gills, while Trichodinella sp. Infect the gills of fish. But the situation Trichodina infection was so severe that we can meet infect gills. These parasites infect nearly all types of fish both freshwater fish or saltwater fish, especially in the seed stage. Clinical symptoms of infected fish is a fish is weak, the body color is not bright / dull, and often rubbed his body on the wall or bottom of the pool. Water quality is not good, especially low oxygen content, density of fish that are too high to support the emergence of the disease. Transmission of this disease can be through water or direct contact with infected fish. Disease prevention can be done by way of improvement of water Mutua, and reduce the density of fish. Treatment for the infected fish can be done by soaking the fish in 40 ppm solution of formality for 12-24 hours. 3. Tetrahymena sp. The disease is primarily in ornamental fish and catfish in the early stages of life (seeds), and is a facultative parasites found only in fresh water. There on the skin and fins, but are sometimes found in the gills. Clinical symptoms can be observed is rather dull color of fish, fish movements slow, and if this parasite infects the gills of the fish will be seen gasping for air. Conditions that trigger this parasitic infection is poor water quality and fish density is too high. Prevention: the improvement of water quality and the environment and reduce the density of fish. Drugs that can be used to treat the infected fish is the same as those used to treat disease Ichthyophthiriasis. 4. Epistylis spp. This parasite is a common parasite found in Southeast Asia. Infected fish, especially freshwater fish such as catfish, carp, gurame, Tawes fish and generally are found in freshwater fish. Clinical symptoms: lean fish, eat, breath visible mengap advance if these parasites infect the gill cover. Can cause mass death in a nursing seedlings when aggravated by environmental conditions, occurs mainly in fish seed. Prevention: improvement of water quality, hygiene and subtracting the container density cultivation. Treatment for the infected fish among others can use the drugs normally used to eradicate infectious diseases caused by Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. 5. Oodinium sp. This parasite has a typical structure of a bulge that resembles cytoplasam roots, which serves as a pasting. Cytoplasmanya looks like foam that is equipped with a small partikei (granule). Essentially oval or sperical. At this stage the parasite does not have many flagella and do not swim. This parasite infects primarily freshwater fish and other freshwater fish. While contained in sea water fish is Amyloodinium sp. Fish can be deadly within a brief without showing clinical symptoms typical. Parasites can infect the skin, fins, gills, mouth and even eyes. Clinical symptoms include: bleeding in fish skin mat therefore the disease is known as Hama "velvet disease". If the parasites infect the gills of the fish will be seen gasping for air. Prevention: controlling the entry of water include the use of filters, and carry out acts of quarantine for new fish coming for at least 14 days. Eradication of these parasites can be done by placing the infected fish at a temperature of 24-27 ° C in the dark state. NaCI at a dose of 30,000 ppm by immersion for 5-15 minutes can eliminate these parasites. Acriflavin at 0.2-0.4 ppm concentration for long-term submersion. For sp Amyloodinium eradication can be done by soaking the fish in fresh water. 6. Chilodonella spp. Chilodonella spp. Much has been reported from Malaysia, and Indonesia Pilippina. Infect freshwater fish, especially lelean catfish, gurame and infect 50 species of ornamental fish. This parasite infects the skin, fins and gills of fish and sometimes in large numbers. Factors that support this parasitic infection is low temperatures that helped the less good is the condition of fish. These parasites attached to the host's body with the help of vibrating hairs (cilia) that are on the ventral part of the body. While its movement is supported by a row of hairs on his body shakes. Clinical symptoms: the infected fish showed the irritating symptoms of movement, jumping surface water, does not react to stimuli and the stimulus fish will eventually weak. Fish mucus-covered blue-gray. When it infects the gills have gill hyperplasia, so the fish will be seen gasping for air. Prevention: keeping condition / sepaya water quality remains good, minimizing the content of organic materials, and subtracting the density of fish. Treatment can be done by using a drug commonly used to Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. cetak halaman ini budidaya ikan  |
| Posted: 13 Feb 2010 10:07 PM PST
In Indonesian waters, there are many kinds of sea cucumbers. However, that has high economic value are only a few species only. the sand sea cucumber (Holothuria scabra), sea cucumbers, black abdomen (H. atra), sea cucumbers milk (H. nobilis), sea cucumbers red belly (H. edulis), and sea cucumbers pineapple (Ananas Thelenota). Sea cucumbers are delicious side dishes and liked the Chinese community and sell high value on the market. Sea cucumbers are traded in the form of preservation / dry. Currently many countries in the world who grow cucumbers, one of which was a lot of sea cucumbers grown in Indonesia is the sand sea cucumber (Holothuria scabs). Sand sea cucumber cultivation made possible by coastal communities. This is because the mind power technique is quite simple and the necessary investment is relatively small. A. Systematics Family Holothuridae Holothuridae Species scabra Trade name sea cucumber, beche-de-mere Local name sea cucumber B. The characteristics and Biological Aspects 1. Physical characteristics Elongated physique like cucumbers. By karma that this animal called the sea cucumber or sea cucumber. Mouth and anus located at both ends of the body. Part of his punggun gray with a white ribbon or yellow extending horizontally. Lower body is white and mottled black / dark. 2. Growth and development Sand sea cucumber can grow up to sizes 40 inches and weighs 1.5 kg. Gonadal maturation of aquatic animals settle two (diocese), first occurred in the average size of 220 mm. A female sea cucumbers are able to produce eggs in very much until they reach about 1.9 million eggs. Animal life cycle begins with the fertilized eggs that will hatch in 2 days seitar time. C. Cultivation Site Selection Location cucumber cultivation of good meet the following criteria. - Basic water consists of sand. - Sand lined muddy seagrass (seagrass). - At the lowest ebb was still inundated by deep water between 4o-8o cm. - Brightness of water above 75 cm and the flow is not too strong and sheltered from strong winds. - The waters are not polluted and is within easy reach. - Salinity between 24-33 ppt and temperature of 25-30 degrees centigrade D. Container Cultivation at the selected location step on brackets built a fence made of bamboo or wood. Brackets Waring step on the nylon-coated 0.2 cm size of the eye next to it. Bamboo fence / boards should be embedded in and strong enough to the bottom waters so as not to leak. confinement. Size approximately 50 M2 cages or tailored to the needs. For example, stocking of size cucumbers density should be 40-60 g 6-8 ekor/m2 or a larger sea cucumbers, which is between 70-100 g with a density of 4-6 ekor/m2 E. Cultivation Management 1. Provision of seeds Selected cucumber seeds uniform, both in types and sizes. Characteristic of the good seed is the body contains and no defects. Avoid also the selection of seeds that have been issued a yellow liquid. Transporting seeds should not in a long time (more than one hour) and in a state stacked / solid. Transport of seeds carried out in the morning or at night or during low temperatures. Containers used in transporting sand substrates were given, especially for an open transport system. 2. Spreading. seeds Seed cucumbers with initial weight of 40-60 g of spread into the brackets 5-6 density step on the tail / m 2. Spreading done in the morning, afternoon, or when the temperature / low water. before the seeds spread, the seeds have first adapted to salinity and water conditions in cultivation sites. 3. Feeding Cucumbers feed consists of microorganisms, like bacteria and ptotozoa, remains benthos, macro algae, and detritus. During the maintenance which lasted about 4-5 months, the seeds of cucumbers were given feed chicken manure, compost, or mixed with bran 0.1 kg / m 2 once a week. Chicken manure or fine bran before spread mixed with clean water, then stir thoroughly so as not to drift or float. Feeding is done at low tide. Provision of chicken manure serves as fertilizer to stimulate growth that is diatomae main feed cucumbers. F. Controlling Pests and Diseases Types of common pests datam confinement cucumbers are crabs, sea urchins, and starfish. Pest control by manually taking a certain period. Meanwhile, the type of disease affecting Holothuroidae sea cucumbers in the family has not been known for its power of mind is underdeveloped. G. Harvest Sea cucumbers the size of consumption with weight 300-500 g can be achieved when maintained for 4-5 months to harvest. Sea cucumber harvest done at low tide. Harvest done several times as many who immerse themselves in sand or mud. To determine whether the sea cucumber is terpanen all, pengecakan performed at high tide because the sea cucumber happy out of hiding after the high tide. source: PenebarSwadaya, 2008 cetak halaman ini budidaya ikan  |
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