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Newfoundland dog Posted: 02 Apr 2011 06:48 AM PDT Long haired Newfoundland dog puppy At the origin of Newfoundland has a lot of unknown. Some experts claim that his ancestors were white great Pyrenees dogs, which were brought to the coast of Newfoundland Basque fishermen. Others say that it comes from the French Hound (probably a boar hound). However, all agree that his homeland of Newfoundland and that the ancestors of the breed, no doubt, were brought there by fishermen from the European continent. Many old photos depict Newfoundland, very similar to huskies, while the other is for dogs that have similarities with other species. In any case, we have a dog, the most appropriate to the natural conditions of the island. This is a big dog with the strength and size, which allow you to perform the tasks before it. In Newfoundland’s long hair, which protects it from harsh winters and icy waters surrounding his native island. He has a big, strong, webbed feet that allow easy access across marshy places and soft after the tide shores. Breeders, admiring physical strength and attractive nature of Newfoundland, and brought him to England, where he began to grow vigorously. Today purebred Newfoundland, even in their native island come from manufacturers who were born in England. They are bred in many countries, including France, Holland, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Canada and the United States. The breed standard was written based on the working dog, namely, the dog feels equally confident in the water and on land. In the literature about the dogs described many cases of water saving Newfoundland men, women and children, stories about what they pull ropes from the ground to the wreck of the ship, and not about so rewarding, but more severe the daily work, when the dogs help their owners- fishermen pulling out of the water network and perform their other job Newfoundland dog male puppy sitting on the ground Although Newfoundland - an excellent water dog, at home and in Labrador are, as befits an excellent working dog, and sometimes perform a very different work, such as harness oneself in a truck with a load, or just carry goods for yourself. In order to carry out such work, the Newfoundland must be a large dog – large enough to pull out of the water drowning. He must have strong hind legs and enough light to sail long distances, as well as a thick coat that protects him from the ice would water. In short, the Newfoundland must be strong, muscular and strong, to do the job, which he is rightly famous, smart, loyal and kind, that is to have his most famous dignity. He must be able and willing to help his master not only the team but also to take responsibility when the circumstances so require. In the United States, where Newfoundland is not so much as keep active working dogs, but as companions, guards and friends, especially appreciated the quality of their breed. Preferred by the large size and strength, which make an excellent guard dog and a bodyguard, in conjunction with the softness of character necessary for this dog-companion. For several generations, Newfoundland has been the traditional protector of children and their playmate. Little childish fingers can not cause him such pain, which has experienced a dog of smaller size, besides, he willingly assumes the role of the nurse without any additional training. Perhaps the world is no better description of the nature of Newfoundland than in the famous epitaph on a monument on the estate of Lord Byron in Nyustedskom Abbey: Here lie the remains of who possessed beauty and nobility, but no self-esteem, force, but not arrogance, courage, not cruelty and all the virtues of man, but not its weaknesses. And this praise, which would become inadvertent flattery whether it be inscribed over human ashes, there is only a tribute Dog, Boatswain, born in Newfoundland in May 1803 and died at Newstead, in November 1808 Adult massive Newfoundland dogs sitting on the snow Newfoundland. Official Standard Approved May 8, 1990 General view. Newfoundland - a dog with a soft and even-tempered, with versatile working qualities, including a sled dog, on land and in water. The perfect companion. Has a natural desire to save the man. Newfoundland - a large, perfectly built, muscular and powerful dog with a thick wool and a long, deep body and a massive bone structure. Behaves with dignity, proudly carrying the head. The following is a description of the ideal of Newfoundland. Any deviation from this standard should be penalized according to the severity of this deviation. Deficiencies in the structure and motion inherent in all working dogs, as undesirable, as in all other breeds, although in this standard are not particularly specified. Growth, proportion, composition. Average height at withers: males – 71 cm, females – 66 cm Weight: males – 59 – 68 kg, females – 45 – 54 kg. Males more massive than bitches. Preferable to large dogs, but in any case not at the expense of harmonious composition, constitution and proper motions. Hull length, measured from the junction to humeroscapular buttock, slightly longer than the height at the withers, measured from the withers to the ground. This dog is a strong build, which is determined by the convexity of the ribs, Strength of muscles and massive bone. The head is massive, broad and slightly convex skull and a pronounced occipital protuberance. Cheeks are well developed. Eyes dark brown; dog brown and gray colors may have lighter eyes (the color of which is a disadvantage only if it alters the expression eye dogs). Eyes relatively small, deeply set, widely spaced. Eyelids lean, tight, not wrapped inside. Ears are relatively small, triangular, with rounded ends. Set high – at or slightly above the superciliary arches – and close to head. Ear, rotated forward, comes to the inner corner of eye. Expression in his eyes soft and reflects the character of the breed – complacency, intelligence and pride. Frons smooth, without wrinkles. Go Stop moderate, but because of the developed superciliary arches when viewed from the side it appears sharply defined. Muzzle volume, wide along the entire length, deep. The depth and length of muzzle are approximately equal. Distance from nose to the transition from forehead to muzzle shorter than the distance from the transition from forehead to muzzle to occiput. Bridge of the nose is rounded and the profile looks like a straight or slightly convex. Teeth meet in a scissor or level bite. Nonlinear arrangement of the lower incisors in normal occlusion is not a fault of the skeleton and should be considered only a minor deviation from the standard. Neck, Topline, Body. The neck is strong, sturdy, medium-length, high set. The back is strong, broad, muscular and straight from the withers to the croup. Chest broad and deep, going down, at least to the elbows. Convex edges, the front third of the rib cage tapered to freewheel elbows. Boca deep. The croup is broad and slightly sloping. Tail continues the line of the croup. At the base of a thick and strong. Do not bend to one side, the last vertebrae of the tail reach the hock. At rest the tail is down and slightly curled at the end. When excited or in motion the tail rises, but not curled over the back Two Gorgeous Newfoundland dogs lying on the kitchen floor Forequarters. Scapula muscular and sloping. Elbows are directly below the uppermost point of the withers. Forelimbs muscular, with massive bone structure, straight lines parallel to each other, elbows point straight back. Distance from elbow to ground is approximately equal to half the height at the withers. The pasterns are strong and slightly sloping. Paws in size proportional to the body, webbed, round, “cat”. Fifth fingers may be removed. Hindquarters Powerful, muscular, with massive bone. When viewed from the rear limbs are straight and parallel to each other. When viewed from the side of the hips are wide and long enough. Angulation of knee and hock well angulated, hocks low omitted sent back. Metatarsus steep. Hind legs are the same as the front. Dewclaws removed. Coat is smooth, waterproof, has a tendency to fall into place, even if your dog rub the wrong way. The top coat is coarse, moderately long and thick, straight or slightly wavy. The undercoat is soft and dense, although it may be less thick in the hot season or in warmer climates. The hair on the front of the head and muzzle is short and thin. On the back of the legs thick and long hair along the entire length. Tail covered with long, thick hair. Excessively long hair can be trimmed for neatness. Mustaches should not be trimmed. Coat color for a secondary examination after the Constitution and the exterior. Recognizes the following colors: black, brown, gray and white and black, or Landseer. Solid colors. Black, brown and gray can be either solid or with white spots (one, several or all of the above) at the following locations: chin, chest, toes and tail tip. Any white spots, which are located in these locations are typical and not considered a disadvantage. Allowed various shades of brown to black or gray color and tow a lighter shade of brown or gray in color. Landseer (white and black color). The main color is white with black spots. Usually head solid black or black with white face – with a blaze or without. Black saddle and black spot on the rump, continued on the white tail. Spots on solid colors or Landseer may differ materially from those described and are the only deviation from the standard. Preferred to pure white or white with a minimum of a crane. Beauty marks and stains should be judged only in comparison with dogs of comparable quality and in any case not at the expense of the Constitution and the exterior. ELIMINATING FAULTS: Any color or combination of colors that are not described in this standard

Rottweiler Posted: 02 Apr 2011 05:28 AM PDT Adult male Rottweiler dog playing outdoor The origin of the Rottweiler is not mentioned in written sources. Although it can be assumed that his ancestors were dogs that accompanied the flock in ancient Rome. These mastiff similar dogs, described by various, credible authors, are reliable, unpretentious staff, having a remarkable mind and guard instinct. The transition from Roman herding dog to the Rottweiler, which we know today was the result of the aspirations of the Roman Emperors to conquer Europe. To achieve these goals required a huge army and huge resources to feed them. In those days there was no refrigeration, and it meant that the meat is intended for feeding the soldiers had to accompany them “on the hoof”. It took a dog that would help a flock in the transitions of the army and protect them for an overnight stay. For this is the best and came up this mastiff similar dog. Campaigns of the Roman army were different in scale, but we are interested in is that started around 1974 by. er. The Romans crossed the Alps and settled in the territory which is now southern Germany. New conquest called Arae Flaviae, and here we find evidence that the fearless Roman herding dogs have played in this campaign role. Without a doubt, they continued to guard the flock, and the next two centuries. About 260 years Mr. er. tribes Swabians ousted the Romans from this area, but agriculture and cattle trade remained their main occupation, and therefore remained, and the need for dogs. Around the year 700 by. er. local prince ordered to build on the ruins of the former Roman baths of the Christian church. When I build stumbled on the red tiles that covered the floors, and to distinguish this city from others, it was called «das Rote Wil» (red tiles). Between this title and the modern name of breed there is an unmistakable similarity Rottweiler puppy sitting in the garden Effect Rottweiler as trading and cultural center grew, and by the middle of the XII century there, on the high banks of the river, was built completely new city with a complex system of fortifications. Security of the new location has attracted new dealers in cattle, in the area began to concentrate butchers. Expansion of the meat market will inevitably require more and more dogs. The descendants of the Roman herding dogs worked hard until the middle of the XIX century, when transhumance have been banned, in addition to all the railroad and drove donkeys dog carts. For Rottwieler Metzgerhund (butcher dog), came to be known as rock, fallen on hard times. The need for them has almost disappeared, but in those days, dogs were kept only for the sake of work. The number of Rottweilers declined so dramatically that in 1882 the dog show in Heilbronn was shown only one, not the best of breed. Annals of dog breeding Rottweilers do not mention until 1901, when the club was founded by the combined Rottweiler and Leonberger. The club did not last long, but it left its mark, because under his patronage was created the first standard of the Rottweiler. The main thing is that since the type of dog has not changed, but her character remains the same. During the 1901-1907′s rottweiler was in the police force. Several existing at that time, clubs often disagree about the standard and the use of rocks, while in 1921 was not organized Allegmeiner Deutscher Rottweiler Klub (ADRK). This year, three or four clubs were registered over 3400 Rottweilers. Differences and repetitions in the Registration continues until 1924, when the ADRK published its first stud book. Since its inception, despite the difficulties encountered during and after World War II, ADRK has remained the leading club, under his direction were carried out competent and dedicated breeding program Rottweilers in Germany and abroad. The first Rottweiler was registered in the stud book of the American Kennel Club in 1931. Standard was adopted in 1935. First league title in competition obedience was awarded the American Rottweiler in 1939 and the first full title – nine years later, in 1948. Club, American Rottweiler Club, was founded in 1971 and the first exhibition was held in 1981. Perhaps on the exterior of the Rottweiler is different from their Roman ancestors, but those features that are so fascinated by the Romans, of course, remained in the breed. It is thanks to them Rottweiler so highly valued today Adult male Rottweiler in the park Rottweiler. Official Standard Approved May 8, 1990 General view. Rottweiler - strong and powerful dog of medium size, black color with clearly defined rust-colored markings. Its compact and sturdy addition speaks of great strength, energy and stamina. Males more massive in every way, bigger and stronger bones than females. Females are definitely easier, but without weakness of structure or addition. Growth, proportion, composition. Height: Males – 61 – 68.5 cm, females – 56 – 63.5 cm Preferable to the average size. Harmonious construction should be combined with the specified limits to growth. Hull length, measured from humeroscapular joint to point of buttock slightly longer than the height at the withers. The most desirable ratio of height at withers to body length – 9:10 (the index is stretched). Addition of the Rottweiler is not rough, not easy. Depth of chest is approximately 50% of the height at the withers. Bone and muscle mass should be sufficient to strengthen the skeleton so that the dog looked compact and very powerful. Vices: the lack of correct proportions, the size of excessive or inadequate; violations of sexual type (male in suchem, bitch doggy). Head of medium length, broad between the ears, when viewed from the side of his forehead slightly convex. Zygomatic arch connects the strong and broad upper and lower jaw. Value of skull to muzzle – 3:2. Forehead dry, though, when the dog is alert, it may appear the folds of skin. Expression in his eyes a noble, watchful and self-confident. Eyes of medium size, almond-shaped, with dry, tight fitting lids, moderately deep set, not prominent, not sunken. Eye color – dark brown. Ears of medium size, pendant, triangular. When the dog is alert, the ears are lifted up to the skull, as if expanding it. Ears are set wide apart, facing forward, the inner edge close to the head, reaches the middle of his cheek. Muzzle: Nasal bridge straight, broad at base and slightly tapering towards the nose. The end of the muzzle is wide, with a pronounced chin. Nose is broad rather than round, and black. Lips are black, dry, pigmented inner surface of the mouth, preferably dark. Bite and teeth: only 42 (20 upper and 22 lower), strong, linear arrangement, meet in a scissor bite, ie the lower teeth relate to the inner surface of the upper incisors. Flaws: yellow (hawk) eyes, raznoglazie, no eyelashes, abnormal ears (in the folds or adjacent to the head / cheeks); depigmentation of the mouth (pink mouth); bite, the absence of one tooth. ELIMINATING FAULTS: ectropion or entropy vector; undershot, overshot or wry jaw, the absence of two or more teeth Five Baby Rottweilers playing in card box Neck, Topline, Body. The neck is powerful, muscular, moderately long, slightly convex, dry. Topline: back straight and strong, is a straight line from withers to croup. Back line remains horizontal regardless of whether or moves the dog. Case: breast volume, wide and deep – comes to the elbow – with the bulk part of the front and elastic, oval ribs. The back is straight and strong. The loin is short, deep and muscular. The croup is broad, of medium length and slightly sloped. Abdomen slightly tucked. Dogs dropped two apparently normal testicles into the scrotum. Tail docked short, we leave one or two vertebrae. Tail set is more important than its length. The tail is a continuation of the back. In motion or excited state its tail slightly raised above the line back. ELIMINATING FAULTS: unilateral or bilateral cryptorchidism. Forequarters. Shoulder blades are long, sloping. Humerus length equal to the shoulder blade, set so that the elbows are under the body. Distance from withers to elbow is equal to the distance from the elbow to the ground. Are strong and sturdy, with straight, heavy bone, moderately apart. The pasterns are strong, elastic, almost vertical. Feet round, compact, arched outwards or without deformity. Pads thick and hard. Nails short, strong and black. Fifth fingers may be removed. Hindquarters. Angulation hind limbs are balanced with angulation of forequarters. Femur rather long, wide, well-developed relief muscles. Angulation of the knee is well expressed. Tibia long, broad and powerful, with muscular, hock strong. Metatarsus almost vertical. When viewed from the rear limbs straight, strong and supplied widely. Paws somewhat longer than the front, without outwards or deformity such as compact and arched. Pads thick and hard. Nails short, strong and black. Dewclaws should be removed. Coat. The top coat straight, coarse, thick, medium length, tight to the body. The undercoat is expressed on the neck and hips, its density is due to climatic conditions. The undercoat must not be visible under the coat. Wool short of the head, ears and legs, longer on the back of the hind limbs. The Rottweiler should be set in the natural coat without cutting. Disadvantage: slightly wavy hair. Malformations: a rare, extremely short or curly hair; complete lack of undercoat; any hairstyle, which changes the length of the natural coat. ELIMINATING FAULTS: Long. Black and tan – rusty or mahogany stains. The boundary between black and rust colors must be clearly and sharply delineated. Tan should be located at the following locations and as follows: a spot over each eye, on cheeks, stripes on both sides of the muzzle, but not on the nose, throat is triangular patches on both sides of the sternum, on forelegs from wrist to fingers on the inside of the hind limbs passing to the front of the knee joint and increasing the front side of the shank to the fingers, but not completely overlaps the black color on the back of the paw; under the tail, black stripes on toes. The undercoat is gray, yellow-brown or black. The quality and location of the rusty tan is important to assess the dog and should not exceed 10% of the color of the body. Flaws: tan straw color (yellow), over or under expressed, or with dirty coating (black as soot), rusty spots, which differ from those described above, the white spots anywhere on the body (a few white hairs or rusty spots do not count). ELIMINATING FAULTS: Any base color other than black, no tan in these locations. Movement. The main gait Rottweiler - trot. Movement should be balanced, harmonious, secure, powerful and unfettered, with a long vymahom forelimbs and powerful hind thrust. Motion of light, strong and sweeping. Front and rear legs are not released nor out, neither inside. Trot front and rear legs move in a coordinated manner, while the back remains level, firm and relatively motionless. With increasing speed, the limbs converge under the body Leasure toward the center line of gravity. Temperament. Rottweiler on the merits – a calm, confident and courageous dog with an independent character, he is alert and suspicious of outsiders. He is confident in their abilities and respond to changes in the environment safely and without haste. He has an innate instinct to protect home and family, is an intelligent dog, with versatile working qualities, making it the perfect companion, bodyguard and general universal dog. The behavior of the Rottweiler in the show ring should be a calm and balanced, it must be house trained so as to allow viewing mouth, testicles, etc., indifference or isolation is not considered a disadvantage because these qualities are characteristic of the breed. Aggressive or belligerent attitude towards other dogs is also not a disadvantage. A judge should be removed from the ring: any shy Rottweiler – the dog is timid by nature, if it is, evading inspection by the judge, the dog, which, according to the judge threatening him / her or his behavior shows that it is not safe to give to the judge to approach the themselves and look at it. ELIMINATING FAULTS: dog, which, according to the judge, attacks on people in the ring. Summary. Any deviation from the specified description of a working dog should be considered a disadvantage, which corresponds to the materiality of the severity of this deviation. ELIMINATING FAULTS Splay or wrapped inside the eyelids. Overshot, undershot, wry jaw, the absence of two or more teeth. Unilateral or bilateral cryptorchidism. Longhaired. Any base color other than black, no markings. Aggression to people who are in the ring

Saint Bernard Posted: 02 Apr 2011 05:13 AM PDT Saint Bernard puppy lying on the bed Shrouded in legend and the mist of antiquity, the origin of the Saint Bernard is the basis for many hypotheses. Most likely that St. Bernard is derived from the crossing of heavy Asian molosses (Canis molossus), cited in Helvetius (modern Switzerland), Roman legionaries during the I-II century by. er., with local breeds, which undoubtedly existed at the time of the Roman invasion. During the subsequent centuries these dogs are widely used in farms in the mountain valleys as a watchman, shepherd, etc. They were called Talhund (Dolinnaya dog) or Bauerhund (farm dog), they are well accustomed to in 1050, when Archdeacon Bernard de Menton founded his famous Hospice in the Swiss Alps as a refuge for people recovering from treacherous mountain passes between Switzerland and Italy. Exactly when the dogs brought to the shelter, remains controversial, as the building burned to the ground shelter at the end of the XVI century, and shortly thereafter a large part of the archives Hospice has been lost. The first mention of dogs in the shelter refers to 1707. It was only a few words about dogs, from which we can understand that their job as a lifeguard at the pass of St. Bernard was then widely known. In the study of several early sources, it seems that the dogs were first brought to a shelter somewhere between 1660 and 1670 year. It is likely that they were brought to a pass from the valleys for shelter and protection skrashivaniya monks long winter months, when they were almost completely isolated from the rest of the world. This isolation, of course, has led to inbreeding of the local population and the emergence of a certain type of sustained “charity-dog.” This also implies that these animals have a strong instinct for survival in extremely difficult conditions, the shelter had to leave the rock these qualities. The monks of the Hospice of St. Bernard, who took with them the dogs to search for the missing travelers soon discovered that those great way to seek out in the snowy drifts and, with a sharp instinct can easily find themselves in trouble people. Thus began the joint work of monks and dogs, who wrote one of the most romantic chapters in the history of rocks. During the three centuries of Bernards as rescue dogs in the shelter they were rescued, according to the most approximate estimates, more than two thousand people. Although construction of a railway tunnel has reduced the number of traveling on foot and in cars, monks continued to keep these wonderful dogs in the force of tradition and that they were company men Saint Bernard puppy sitting on the green carpet Many times we have heard that St. Bernards do not require additional training, as many generations of rescuers worked out their persistent instinct. A more accurate statement would be that the instinct of the dog rescue was used by monks as a basis for further training. Young St. Bernard dogs with unlearned monks took with them in search of possible victims. When St. Bernards found chilblain or unconscious person, they went with him to warm him with its warmth, and licked his face to a man regained consciousness. Meanwhile, one of the patrol dog returns to the orphanage to raise the alarm and lead rescuers. In addition to the ability to find a way and an acute intuition, which allows people to discover the St. Bernard in the snow, they have an unsurpassed sixth sense that warns them of impending avalanches. Not just talking about when the dog suddenly, for no apparent reason ran off to the side for a few seconds before a place where she just stood there, held an avalanche, burying all under tons of snow and ice. Although a lifeguard at the pass of St. Bernard dog to work a certain type, to 1800, she was called it as “charity-dog.” From 1800 to 1810 he lived in the Shelter St. Bernard named Barry – probably the most famous St. Bernard dog in history. For half a century after his death, the rock in some areas of Switzerland in his honor called Barryhund (dog Barry). Claim that Barry had saved 40 people. Although told that he was killed by the forty-first person who tried to save St. Bernard (the one allegedly made by Barry for the wolf), the legend remains only a legend. In fact, this St. Bernard dog put to sleep in Bern in 1814, when he became quite decrepit. Now Barry is in the Natural History Museum in Berne. 1816 – 1818 were marked on the pass unusually harsh winters, resulting in many of the leading dogs in the shelter were killed. However, while it was easy to find a replacement in the valleys, and in a few years the situation with the dogs in the shelter to normal. In 1830 there was a similar situation. Given that the rock was badly weakened because of inbreeding and disease, the monks decided to outcrossing to increase the size of dogs and breathe in them new vitality. We stopped in Newfoundland, which at that time was larger than St. Bernard, and also had a strong instinct for rescue. Results of this interbreeding indicated that the goal was achieved, moreover, it did not destroy any type or breed characteristics of a Saint Bernard. However, due to interbreeding appeared the first long-haired St. Bernards – before 1830 all the representatives of the breed were short-haired Three Adult Saint Bernard walking on the snow Initially believed that the long-haired St. Bernards are more suitable for harsh working conditions on the pass. Unfortunately, it turned out that the long hair grows rapidly ice, and it makes a new type of maladaptive for a lifeguard. The monks began to give long-haired Saint Bernards friends in the valleys, and left only his short-haired dogs. The British, to import several “charity-dog” back in 1810, to pour fresh blood to his mastiff, a breed long known it as “holy dogs”. In Germany, approximately in 1828 proposed the name “Alpine dog.” In 1833, writer Daniel Wilson was first talked about “a dog of Saint Bernard,” but the name of St. Bernard appeared no earlier than 1865, and the official name of the breed, it was only in 1880. During the second half of the XIX century in the valleys of Switzerland continued to breed longhair and shorthair types, and gradually the breed has spread to Germany and other continental European countries, as well as in England. In 1887 in Zurich, an international congress of the Swiss experts in St. Bernard. At this congress was decided by the international standard. St. Bernard Club of America was founded in 1888, the year after the Zurich Congress, he was adopted by the international standard. This club, which continues to work for the breed, is one of the oldest specialized clubs in the United States Human child and Saint Bernard sitting on the table outdoor St. Bernard. Official Standard Approved May 12, 1959 Short-haired St. Bernard General view. Powerful, perfectly folded, large, tall dog, all articles were strong and muscular, with massive head and a very intelligent expression of her eyes. In dogs with a dark mask a more severe expression of the eyes, but in any case not evil. Head is very powerful and impressive. The skull is massive, broad, slightly convex, the sides smoothly into a strong, prominent cheekbones. Occiput moderately expressed. Eyebrows are well developed and form almost a right angle with the longitudinal axis of the head. At the base of the muzzle starts passing between the eyes and across the entire calvaria deep groove. It is clearly expressed in its first half and fades to the bottom of the nape. Lateral skin folds of the head diverge by a large angle from the outer corner of eye posteriorly. Forehead skin over the eyes in the folds, converging to the groove. When excited by the folds are visible most clearly, but they in no case do not give expression sullen. Pronounced skin folds are extremely undesirable. The transition from forehead to muzzle sharp, well defined. Muzzle short, not tapering towards the end of the muzzle at the base depth is greater than its length. The nasal bridge is not convex, and straight, some dogs with mild hump. From the base of the muzzle over the back until the nose is fairly broad, well-marked, shallow furrow. Flews maxilla are well developed, not cool, and elegant lines are at the edge of the lower jaw slightly sveshivayas for it. Flews lower jaw must not hang down too. Teeth strong and healthy, meet in a scissor or level bite, but prefers a scissor. Desirable black sky. Nose (Schwamm) wide, large, wide open nostrils, and, like the lips, always black. Ears of medium size, rather high set, with strong cartilage at the base (Muschel). Slightly away from the head, at the base of hanging around, adjacent to the head. Ear soft, in the form of a rounded triangle, slightly elongated towards the end cutting edge close to the head, while the rear edge can be a little waste, especially when the dog is alert. Hanging with the soft cartilage, tight from the base to the head ears give it an oval, mild, while the ears with tough cartilage at the base of the skull attached to a square, wide and massive form. Eyes set in the front rather than on the sides, and planted a moderately deep, medium size, dark brown, with intelligent and friendly expression. Lower eyelids, usually loose-fitting, in this case form the inner corner of eye droops a bend. Disadvantages: tight undershot. Flaws: overshot; too pendulous lower eyelids with the naked lacrimal gland, or very red, over-developed third eyelids and eyes are too light Huge Saint Bernard breed dog in the snow The neck is set high, very strong, the excitation is kept high. In other cases, the dog keeps the neck horizontally or slightly below the horizontal level. The transition from head to neck emphasize deepening. Withers muscular, rounded, making the neck seems pretty short. The suspension is well expressed. Flaws: overdeveloped suspension (dewlap) and folds under the larynx. Scapula oblique and broad, muscular and powerful. Withers well defined. Chest rounded, moderately deep, does not fall below the elbows. The back is very wide and straight up to the waist, with a slightly sloping croup, from smoothly into the base of the tail. Hindquarters strong, sturdy and muscular. Extremity with well-developed musculature. Abdomen with distinct pahami slightly tucked. Tail. Base broad and strong, and continues the line of the croup, very heavy, ending with a thick cone. At rest hanging lowered, only the last third of the little curved upwards, which is not a disadvantage. Most of the dogs tail is slightly curved at the end so hang in the form of the Latin letters «f». In the motion, all dogs have a tail more or less elevated. Yet tail must not rise too high, and in no case, should not throw over the back. Allowed to bend light at the end. Forearm with a powerful and heavily muscled. The forelegs are straight, strong. Hind limbs. Angulation hock moderate. Dewclaws removed, and if submitted, it should not interfere with the proper motion. Feet wide, with strong toes, moderately close, with a fairly high arched toes. The so-called dewclaws (rudimentary), which are sometimes on the paw, did not bear any functional load and dogs are useless. Judged by them should be ignored. The dewclaws may be removed surgically. Coat is very thick, short (stockhaarig), straight, tight. Wool is rough, but the touch is not rigid. At the hips slightly plump and thick. At the base of the tail fur is longer and thicker by the end of the tail is gradually becoming shorter. Tail “fox”, but not the pen (the flag). Color white with red spots or red with white spots, red color can be various shades, red spots could contain a mixture of transitional hair colors. Red and brownish-yellow color equivalent. Mandatory markings: white chest, paws and tail tip, bridge of the nose, white ruff, or a spot on the nape, a dark mask on the muzzle and dark-colored ears. Flaws: solid color or without white spots, or any other color not listed in the standard, the presence of a saddle mixture of colors, not specified in the standard

Samoyed Posted: 02 Apr 2011 05:00 AM PDT Strong Samoyed breed dog lying in the garden Samoyed - a dog with a history and tradition, such as charming as the very rock. Legend has it that as the population of the Iranian plateau – the first habitat of man – stronger tribes drove out the weak. Forced out farther and farther north, until one of the most primitive tribes, Samoyeds, was not safe for the mountains of snow and ice in the vast expanses of tundra, which stretches from the White Sea to the Yenisei. There, over many generations, they led a nomadic life, which depended on the livestock herds of reindeer and the dogs, who were shepherds, and mounts, and companions, so for several centuries Samoyed husky developed without the intervention of other breeds. Of all the modern dog Samoyed Eskimo dog is probably closest to the primitive dog – there is no bloody wolf or fox. Arctic sun and snow whitened to a rigid, upright standing hair and gave her an icy sheen. Constant proximity to man is endowed with the breed almost “human” understanding, and protecting herds of reindeer that have almost no natural enemies, it has developed a unique character in the world of dogs. Each Samoyed is Children’s immediacy, inherent primitive tribe Samoyeds. Centuries-long cooperation with a person not made him a pampered dog room. As working dogs, Samoyeds have their own, no other breed of dog unsurpassed contribution to the great polar expeditions. Fridtjof Nansen sled dogs (19 males, an average of 26.5 kg, and 9 females with an average of 23 kg) with typical rock careless indifference to work every day in the most severe conditions, carrying supplies in excess of their own weight in half . Each new mission – Count d’Abrutstsi, Shackleton, Scott and most famous, Roald Amundsen in his successful conquest of the South Pole in 1911 – adds a new glorious chapter in the history of the breedAny dog ??show in England is complete without the participation of the Samoyeds, and this despite the fact that they appeared on the island less than a hundred years ago. Queen Alexandra was an ardent admirer of the breed, the descendants of her dogs can be seen today in many nurseries in England and America. These dogs live all over the world. Samoyeds, born in Northern Siberia, safely crossed the equator and work well in Antarctic snow. Dogs from the Antarctic expeditions have survived in the hot sun of Australia and returned to England to continue the line in the famous nursery. On this big white dog with a “smiling face”, intelligent, dark eyes and strong, muscular body involuntarily stops look. Today it is one of the most beautiful breeds, in addition, Samoyed - a great keeper and obedient, a good companion. He never gets involved in a fight, but can stand up for himself if this will compel it. Noble qualities of the breed show up even in puppies – small white teddy bears. ” Reliable defender, obedient, kind, strong and unpretentious, Samoyed year-round is in the heart and on his face gleams celebration of New Year Mother and baby Samoyeds playing outdoor on the snow Samoyed. Official Standard Approved April 9, 1963 Exterior: general view. Samoyed, being essentially a working dog, should be beautiful, powerful, moving and graceful, dignified. Since it works in cold climates, his coat should be protected from adverse weather conditions – to be thick and well-groomed, good quality, not quantity. Males more pronounced ruff around the neck. Spin Samoyed should not be long because long and weak back make it almost unusable for work, while at the same time, compact, with short joints body will also hinder its use as a sled dog. Breeders must adhere to the golden mean: the case is not stretched, but muscular, giving freedom of movement, with deep chest and strong, resilient ribs, strong neck, straight, not protruding front part of the breast and especially strong loins. Sexual type is well expressed in both structure and behavior, but males should not be too aggressive. Females are smaller, but without weakness of addition and without clearly noticeable softness of character. Back length in females may be slightly larger than males. The dog should look sturdy, but without coarseness addition. Due to the required depth of chest dog several vysokonogaya. Hind limbs are particularly well developed, with angulated knee. Evaluation of the general form should include movement and exterior, indicating balance and correct addition. Flaws: squat, any deviation from the correctly to the extremities or the right angles of the knee joints, Cowhocks hindquarters. Addition – is the degree of development of the skeleton and muscles, providing a balance of the skeleton. The bone is heavier than it should be a dog of this size, but not so massive as to prevent the speed and mobility. In any joint of the bone should correspond to the size of the body. Samoyed should not be either too heavy, not to look rude, and too easy to not look primitive. The weight must comply with height at the withers. Growth. Height: Males – 53 – 60 cm, females – 48 – 53 cm Height at the withers than or less than this shall be punished, depending on the severity of this deviation Four beautiful Samoyeds sitting in front of the house Coat (structure, length and location). Body profusely covered with soft, short, tight, tight undercoat, through which grow vertically facing a long, hard, straight, not curly coat. Fur around the neck and withers forms the framing his head “ruff, more pronounced in males than in females. Quality protects the dog from weather coat is more important than its quantity. Coat should sparkle with silvery light. Females wool is usually shorter and softer to the touch than the males. Flaws: Falling, soft coat. Snow-white coat, white bisque (light brown), cream or pure bisque (light brown). ELIMINATING FAULTS: any other color. Movement: Movement. Samoyed is moving at a trot, not pace. He must move quickly, vigorously. Movement of the free, balanced and confident, with a long vymahom front and strong drive hindquarters. At a trot the dog should not put his paws on one line, but at higher speeds they get closer to the center line of gravity, and feet form a single lane tracks (footprints), with front and rear legs are submitted directly forward, the knee is not deployed or out or inside. The back should remain strong and direct. Flaws: mincing, stilted movement. Hindquarters. Thighs strong and sturdy. Angulation of the knee is well presented and with respect to ground is approximately 45 °. Hocks strong, firm, dry, and there are about a third of the distance from the earth to the hip joint. When viewed from behind in the natural stand hind legs should be parallel to each other, strong, well-developed, deployed either outside or inside. Flaws: straightened knee joint; convergence or Cowhocks limb (as determined in the motion). Forequarters. Limbs are parallel and straight. Pasterns strong and straight, elastic and flexible. Through deep chest limbs of medium length – the distance from ground to elbow should be approximately 55% of the height at the withers. Shoulder blades are long, oblique (with an angle of about 45 °) and strong. The distance between the upper edges of the blades should be 2,5 – 4 cm Faults: short-legged; deployed outside shoulder or elbow Snow White Baby Samoyed looking true the window Paws are large, long, ploskovatye, apart from a few fingers, but not loose, toes arched, pads thick and hard, with protective hair between the toes. Paws in the natural stance – without outwards or deformity, but may turn slightly inward at work in harness. Long, thick hair on the feet is not taken into account when assessing a dog, but in females it is more pronounced than in males. Flaws: outwards, soft, loose or round feet. Head: Addition. Wedge-shaped skull, broad, slightly convex, but not the “apple”, forms an equilateral triangle (on the lines between the inner side base of the ears and the transition from forehead to muzzle). Muzzle medium length and width, neither blunt nor pointed, tapering towards the nose and proportional in relation to the size of the dog and the width of the head deep enough. Go Stop is moderate, not sharp, but distinct. Preferably black lips and slightly rounded at the corners of the mouth, forming the “Samoyed smile.” Lip line should not be rude, reaching down to the corners of his mouth. Ears are strong, thick, erect, triangular and slightly rounded at the ends. Should not be large or pointed, small and “bear”. They must fit the head and a dog at large; wide apart, but not beyond the outer limits of the head; movable, internal surface of the ears is covered with thick hair, and male – standing upright. The length of the ear from the inner edge of the base is equal to the distance from the outer corner of eye. Eyes wide apart and deep-set, preferably dark, almond shaped, obliquely set. Eyelid, preferably a dark color. Nose black. Brown, liver or Dudley nose (body) nose not penalized. Color of nose sometimes depends on the age of the dog and the weather. Jaws / Teeth: Teeth strong, strong, with scissor bite. Faults: Round, protruding eyes, undershot or overshot. ELIMINATING FAULTS: blue eyes. Expression in his eyes. The so-called “look Samoyed, as breed characteristics, created sparkling eyes and lively,” enthusiastic “face of the head when the dog is alert or excited. Expressiveness consists of building the eyes, ears and mouth. Ears at such moments are, and corners of the mouth slightly raised up – the “Samoyed smile.” Body: The neck is strong, muscular, highly placed – the dog holds it proudly. The neck is smooth, graceful arc, passes into the withers. The chest is deep, with rounded at the spine and flattened on the sides of ribs, so as not to obstruct the movement of the blades and the freedom of the forelimbs. The ideal depth of the chest – up to the elbows, and the deepest part of the chest is behind the front legs – in the ninth rib. Space for the heart and lungs provided more depth of chest than its width. Faults: barrel chest

Schnauzer Posted: 02 Apr 2011 04:48 AM PDT Adult male Schnauzer in the garden For the three breeds of Schnauzers: miniature, standard and giant, each of which is registered as an individual, the prototype was a standard (medium). This ancient breed has appeared in Germany in the XV-XVI centuries. It must have been very popular as a home companion, because the images of standard schnauzer often the portraits of the time. It is known that Albrecht Durer is one of them lived at least 12 years, as he portrayed the same dog on his portraits, from 1492 to 1504. Rembrandt painted them, one of Lucas Cranach the Elder painted on the tapestry, dating from 1501 year, and in the XVIII century schnauzer appears on the canvas the English artist Sir Joshua Reynolds. In the German town Mehlinburge is a statue of the XIV century, depicting a hunter with a squatting at his feet a dog that resembles a modern standard. Schnauzer – compact, wiry dog ??of square build, strong and energetic, with a stiff, bristly hair, long eyebrows and beard. It combines the agility and the extraordinary intelligence and reliability. He occupies a middle position between the large and miniature breeds of dogs. As far as can determine Schnauzer occur by crossing the black German Poodle and the gray Wolfspitz wire-haired Pinscher. From pinscher they got the deer-colored undercoat, Wolfspitz inherited from the typical color of “pepper and salt and harsh nature. Solid black color, although it is usual for Germany, the U.S. is still fairly rare. ‘ In America, a breed originally attributed to a class of terriers, and German breeders have always regarded the Schnauzer as a working dog. His main occupations were fishing in rats and protection. Prior to World War 90% of dogs guarding the wagons of farmers markets, were typical schnauzer. German breeders believe that the Schnauzer is not equal in intelligence and fearlessness. Due to these characteristics, “the dog with human intelligence,” as they proudly call the owners, during the war served in the army post and sanitation dogs and in Germany they are also used as police dogs. In the United States and England Schnauzers used mainly as guard dogs and companion dog. For these purposes, as best suited their dedication and courage, combined with highly developed premonition of impending danger. They are good swimmers and can run retriever, and the western United States, at least on one farm, they proved themselves the best breed to protect sheep herds from coyotes. Schnauzer was first demonstrated in 1879 at the German international dog show in Hanover on the ring wire-haired Pinscher. In 1880 he published a standard, the breed has quickly become an exhibition. The first exhibition was held in Stuttgart in 1890, it was attended by an unusually large number of dogs – 93. In 1895 the Club was established pinschers in the colony, and in 1907 – Schnauzer Club in Munich. In 1918, the clubs Pinschers and Schnauzers have teamed up to become an official representative of the breed in the German Kennel Club. Today rocks represent the interests of clubs in Holland, Austria, Switzerland, Czechoslovakia, England and AmericaThere are two main blood lines leading to the two strangers to a dog – Schnauzer and Zeppelyu, and two of the most famous females name Zetthen and Yetta von Enz. Zetthen is a descendant of the Schnauzer, bred her with a dog from a line Zeppelya named Prince Harttmut. From the litter, follow this viscous, it should allocate Seeger Rex von den Gyuntersburga, which, in turn, became a father Seeger Rigaud Shnautserlyusta. These two dogs, Rex and Rigaud, influenced the development of rock more than any other dog, registered in the studbook. Yetga von Enz was Rigaud mother, her line goes back to Zeppelyu. Half-brother Rigo named Rex von Egelzee also often found in old documents and family trees, especially the successful results were obtained by inbreeding of these two dogs. The fact that Rigaud, and Rex has successfully mated at the age of 12 years, speaks of extraordinary vitality schnauzers. Schnauzer became widely known in the U.S. just after World War I, but they say that one dog exhibited at the Westminster Dog Show in the ring “mixed class” in 1899. First documented imported dog was FINGO al Lishinga of Mr. Rochester, New York, which was taken to the U.S. in 1905. Schnauzer Club of America was founded in 1925. The first American champion was a Swiss female Resi Patricia, brought by Mrs. Newton. She also received from the Resi Patricia first American champion, was printed in the United States, Frakas Franconia. First Champion Sieger Show Holm von Egelzee imported into the United States William D. Goff. In Germany, all schnauzer cropped ears, but because in some states in the USA ear cropping is prohibited by law, the standard of the American Kennel Club allows for both cropped and uncropped ears Adult Schnauzer lying on the floor Standard Schnauzer. Official Standard Approved February 9, 1991 General view. Schnauzer – a strong, strong, powerful build, a square format dog with muscular and strong bones. His strong addition and a thick, hard coat emphasizes long eyebrows and beard. FAULTS: Any departure from that described the appearance. Growth, proportion, composition. Height: Males – 47 – 50 cm, females – 44 – 47 cm height at the withers is equal to the distance from plechelopatoch Nogo-junction to point of buttock. Disadvantages: height at withers is more or less than this. ELIMINATING FAULTS: withers height greater than or less than specified on the 1,5 cm Head strong, rectangular, elongated, tapering slightly from ears to eyes and from eyes to nose. Head length about equal to half the distance from the withers to the tail. Head size according to gender and the addition of the dog. Expression in his eyes wary, very clever, brave. Eyes of medium size, dark brown, oval, straight set, not round, not prominent. Well-marked eyebrows, bristly, not too long not to interfere with vision and not to hide his eyes. Ears set high, moderately thick, symmetrical and erect when cropped. If you are not cropped, the medium size, hanging on the cartilage in the shape of an equilateral triangle and moving, bend an ear at the level of the cranial vault, the ears are directed forward, inside edge adheres to the cheek. The skull (from occiput to the transition from Stop) moderately broad between the ears. The width of the skull should not exceed two-thirds of its length. Cranial vault is flat, without bumps and retraction; skin without wrinkles. The transition from forehead to muzzle weakly expressed, but the effort bushy eyebrows. The muzzle is strong, the length is the length of the skull. Ends with a moderately blunt wedge. The muzzle appears rectangular due to tough beards. Lines of the muzzle and skull are parallel. Nose is big and black. Lips are black, dry, upper lip does not cover the bottom. Cheeks: The chewing muscles are well developed, but not enough to “schekastost” violated the rectangular shape of the head. Teeth: full set of white teeth with a strong and sturdy scissor bite. Tusks are strong, big. The lower and upper jaws are strong. Disadvantages: bite. Flaws: erect or drooping ears uncropped, “schekastost; undershot or overshot Schnauzer breed dog walking with his owner Neck, Topline, Body. Neck Strong, medium length and thickness, elegantly curved and smoothly merges with the withers. Skin skin-tight, dry throat without wrinkles or dewlap. Topline sloping slightly down the line from the withers to the slightly rounded rump and base of tail. The back is strong, straight and short. The loin is strong and sturdy, the distance from last rib to the pelvis should be as short as possible. Housing is compact, sturdy, with short joints, but flexible enough not to interfere with the living and the energetic behavior of the dog. Chest moderately broad with enough ribs, rounded shape. The belly is well marked, the chest falls, at least to the elbows, then slowly rises toward the rear limbs, abdomen slightly tucked. The croup is long and slightly rounded. The tail is docked, set relatively high, the dog keeps him upright. Tail length should be at least 2.5 cm and not more than 5 cm Vices: too easy or rough addition, excessively tight stomach, “squirrel” tail. Forequarters. Vanes sloping, well muscled, and at the same time flat and of delayed so that your elbows are directly under the withers. When viewed from the side-plechelopa exact angle approaches the line, which helps to maximize vymahu forelimbs without extra effort. Forelimbs straight, set upright and moderately wide. Elbows held tightly to the body and sent straight back. Fifth toes on front feet can be removed. The feet are small and compact, round with thick pads and strong black nails. Fingers in clumps, arched (“cat”) are aimed straight ahead. Hindquarters strong, muscled, croup height below the height at the withers. Angulations are balanced with the hindquarters angulation front. Hips are wide, well-angulated knees. Tibia nearly parallel lines nape. Angulation hocks are well expressed, metatarsals are short and steep, when viewed from behind parallel to each other, dewclaws, if any, are usually removed. Feet are the same as in forequarters. Coat is dense, hard, wiry and thick as possible, consists of soft, lying close undercoat and coarse wool of the cover, which did not lay down, separated from the body. Outercoat trimming, just to emphasize the lines of the body. Of great importance is the structure of wool. A dog can be demonstrated in the show ring with hair on the back of a length from 2 to 5 cm in the ears, head and neck, chest, abdomen and under tail trimming to give the dog breed characteristic appearance. On the snout and above eyes fur is long, forming a beard and eyebrows, the hair on the legs are longer than the body. The hair on the beard, mustache and eyebrows rough and tough, but not so abundant, that violate the neat appearance of the dog or interfere with its working qualities. Flaws: soft, straight, short and tight, curly, wavy or shaggy coat; too long, too short or too sparse hair, lack of undercoat; too long eyebrows, beard, feathered, lack of eyebrows, beard, mustache. Color “pepper and salt or solid black. “Pepper and Salt” – a combination of black, white and shaded (white and black) hair. Allowed all shades of “pepper and salt, and gray – from a dark steel-gray to silvery gray. Ideally, a schnauzer with color “pepper and salt” should be gray undercoat, but may be tan and fawn (tan). Should be a dark mask, blending in to the shade of color of the dog. Color “pepper and salt” can be lighter – to light gray or silver-white – of the eyebrows, beard, cheeks, under throat, chest, under tail, the feathering and the inner surface of the extremities, the abdomen. Black: Ideally, a schnauzer black color should be dense shade, with no discoloration or admixture of gray or yellowish-brown hair. The undercoat is pure black. Nevertheless, the age of the dog or prolonged sun exposure can cause a burnout and a black discoloration. A small white spot on chest, loss of color due to the appearance of scars from cuts or bites are not a disadvantage. Faults: any color other than the above, and any shades or impurities in color of rusty, brown, red-red, yellow or yellowish-brown colors, the lack of “pepper”, the presence of spots or stripes, black strap on the back, black saddle without typical “pepper with salt “; in black color – gray hair; any other color undercoat, except black

Affenpinscher Posted: 02 Apr 2011 04:31 AM PDT Adult black Affenpinscher in playing outdoor Affenpincher (affen – in German – simian) – one of the oldest indoor dogs, a native of Central Europe. In the XVII century, small terriers are often kept at the stables and stalls, where they caught the rats. Further dilution resulted in a reduced size, and they were kept in houses as a companion dog that helped get rid of mice in the boudoir mistresses. Perky, energetic, smart and tightly folded little fellow terrier affenpincher has a playful, like a monkey, its face by the speaker of the chin with a beard and mustache. This feeling reinforce the bushy eyebrows, covering the eyelids with a black border, and large, attentive eyes. Coat Hard, wiry, ears and tail cropped. Despite its small size, affenpincher a real dog. It is believed that affenpincher played a major role in the development of breeds of small dogs in the room continental Europe, including the Brussels Griffon and miniature schnauzer. Over time, district of Munich in Germany became the center of breeding affenpincher. In 1895, in the Colony Club was opened pinscher, and in 1907 founded the Bavarian club schnauzer. In 1923 these clubs were united in club pinschers and schnauzers that replenish its ranks with new breeders. The breed was registered in the studbook of the American Kennel Club in 1936. At one time, the popularity of small dogs for some time fell, it gave way to fascination descendant of the Breed – Brussels Griffon, but recently affenpincher regains its former glory Little Black Affenpinscher puppy Affenpincher. Official Standard Approved April 10, 1990 General view. Affenpincher – harmoniously combined, small haired, tereropodobnaya dog, mind and character that make it a common pet. Bred in Germany (affenpincher translated from German means simian terrier), the breed was used to kill rodents in the kitchen, barns and stables. France affenpinchera called «diab-lotin moustachu», or “moustached little devil.” Both names could not be better to describe the appearance and character of this delightful dog. In assessing affenpinchera must be remembered that the overall impression of a dog is much more important than any other article. Growth, proportion, composition. Affenpincher – sturdy, compact little dog with a strong but delicate boned, with no signs of softness and lightness. Height: 23 – 29 cm (ideal – 26 cm). Length of body from humeroscapular joint to point of buttock approximately equal to the height at the shoulder, resulting in the dog looks square. Bitch may be more elongated. The head is proportional to the body, the dog keeps it high and confident, with a mischievous expression, like a monkey. Eyes round, dark, shiny, medium size, but not protruding or sunken. Eyelid black. Ears or cropped – genital, set high, standing – or natural – upright, semi-erect or dropped on the cartilage. Allowed any type, if both ears of the same set and if the dog remains obeznopodobnoe expression. The skull is rounded and convex, but not coarse, and not domed. The transition from forehead to muzzle well defined. Muzzle short, slightly tapering toward the blunt nose. The length of the muzzle is approximately equal to the distance between the eyes. Nose is not raised and not lowered, black. Lips are black, lower lip slightly protruding. Bite – bite (lower teeth slightly above the top). Allowed to bite if the dog remains obeznopodobnoe expression. When the mouth is closed tongue and teeth are not visible. The lower jaw is wide enough to lower incisors are on the same line Black Affenpinscher puppy in woman hands Neck, Topline, Body. The neck is short and straight, set high. Topline straight and level. Chest rather broad and deep, ribs fairly prominent. Abdomen slightly tucked. Back short and straight. The loin is short, slightly convex. The croup is slightly sloped. The tail is docked, leaving the two vertebrae. Set high, carried upright. If you are not docked, you can move slightly up over the line back. Experts should not sharpen its focus on the type of tail. Forequarters. Angulations marked forelegs moderately. Vanes sloping, so as not to impede the movements of the forelimbs. Humerus length approximately equal to the forearm. Elbows held tightly to the body. Forearm when viewed from the front lines. Pasterns relatively short, steep. Fifth toes are usually removed. The feet are small, round and compact with black pads and claws. Hind limbs. Angulation hind legs are moderately expressed. Limb when viewed from behind straight when viewed from the side – are replaced by a housing to maintain a square format. Femur and tibia are about equal in length. Hocks are short and steep. Profit paltsy.udalyayut. The feet are small, round and compact with black pads and claws. Coat. Wool is thick, coarse, stiff to the touch, about 2.5 cm at the withers, the body and back. On the back of the thighs and tail – in short, contrasting with a longer, shaggy hair and less harsh on the head, neck, chest, abdomen and legs. The adult dog hair on the neck and chest may be long enough to form a “collar”. Longer, vertically standing hair, eyebrows and jaw lined face and emphasize the ape-like expression. The ears are usually sheared very short. Grooming enables easy haircut (grooming) for smoothing the transition from short to long hair, while keeping the shaggy look Affenpinscher breed dog playing outdoor in the garden Black, gray, silver or black and tan with symmetrical markings, or red, varying from brownish-red to orange-yellow-brown. Black dogs can have brown tide either white or silver hair in the bathroom psovine. The red dog can occur in wool, black, brown and / or white hair and tan. When all colors adorning the hair can be a little lighter, and can sometimes be a black mask. A small white patch or stripe on the chest is not penalized. Faults: large white patches of irregular shape. Experts should not focus on color. Motion light, loose, well-balanced, and moves affenpincher with comic seriousness. When viewed from front or back – with a step – limbs move parallel to each other. Trot with increasing speed, the limbs converge under the body – closer to the center line of gravity. Temperament. Affenpincher – playful, energetic, very curious dog, thirsty, dedicated owners and friends. Usually behaves calmly, but fearless when threatened or attacked

Brussels Griffon Posted: 02 Apr 2011 04:20 AM PDT Male Brussels Griffon outdoor If we adhere to generally accepted standards, the Brussels Griffon dog ugly, but it is surprisingly attractive with its individuality, which is why this breed of love wherever it appears. It does not come from noble or ancient tribal lines and yet is one of the most original and unusual rocks. Although the Brussels Griffon and belong to the “Toy”, there is no shadow of delicacy inherent in home dog-toys on the contrary, this lump of energy in a good mood breathes carelessness on the tip of the upturned nose to the “fun” delivered by the tail. And no matter what breed probable fate, Brussels Griffon will always remain a delightful Belgian street postrelenkom. German and Belgian affenpincher street dogs were the foundation upon which the Brussels Griffon breed, but we have only scraps of information about these dogs of the XVII century. Apparently, while in Belgium there were similarities between the peasants’ dogs. The size they were with Fox Terrier. but a more robust build, as well as all the Belgian dogs. Shaggy, with a stiff dirty hair, totally unattractive, but clever and useful – to destroy rodents in stables. These dogs and called «Griffons D’Ecurie», or “stables Griffins. Frequent mention of these faithful animals as «chiens barbus» («bearded dog”) is found in folk songs and fairy tales, because they lived in almost every home. On the other hand, affenpincher a lot like the Yorkshire terrier, especially in the form of head, length of body and limbs. Sure, that cast-blood affenpinchera to griffins had to reinforce the excitement of struggle against rodents, although the fact of their crossing has not been proved and it remains conjecture Adult female Brussels Griffon Griffin later crossed with Pugs, breed, which is already entrenched in neighboring Holland. The result of this – two types of coat, which occur even in today’s litters. We can not say with certainty the reason for which was added to the griffins blood ruby ??spaniel, however, this breed has also participated in the creation of the Brussels griffon. Thanks to her, he got the exterior, characteristic of modern griffins, and proved unable to deal with rodents. Here is how the Belgian Griffon XX century – a small, compact dog with a snub-nosed snout, sunny disposition and a stiff hair-like wool Irish terrier, or a smooth thanks pug called brabanson1. Extraordinary intelligence Gryphon makes it very impressionable and often young dogs in the presence of strangers hesitate – just like an awkward teenager in the transitional period. Although this dog is obedient and easy to train, sometimes it is difficult to accustom to the leash, so training must begin at an early age. It may seem strange, but Brabant exhibit exceptional stubbornness when it comes to a leash, otherwise they are as docile dogs, like their wire-haired counterparts. Belgian griffon puppies in need of the same patient care, like any other puppy breeds room, but he grew up, he becomes strong and resilient, turning into a real companion, able to withstand and long walks, and a long swim. Brussels Griffon Decorative Brussels Griffon sitting in front of the house Official Standard Approved September 11, 1990 General view. Little room dog – smart, energetic, compact, with a strong, short body and a confident demeanor, nimble, graceful and independent, it has attracted attention for its almost human expression. There are two types of coat: wire-haired and smooth coat. Weight, proportion, composition. Weight – 3,6 – 4,5 kg, not to exceed 5.4 kg. Exterior dog is more important than weight, so harmoniously built, sturdy dog ??of smaller size should not be penalized. Dog square format (length of dog from the films chelopatochnogo junction to point of buttock should be equal to the height at the withers). Addition of a strong, compact, well balanced, with good bone. Head with a human expression of her eyes. Eyes wide apart, very large, black, convex and round. Eyelashes long and black. Ears are small, highly placed. Can be cut short or show dog in its natural form. Uncropped ears – semi-erect. The skull is large, round, with a prominent forehead and a deep transition from forehead to muzzle. Nose coal-black, extremely short. Nostrils large. Lips edged with black, dry and tight. Bite – bite: mandibular incisors beyond the upper incisors. The lower jaw is quite broad, given forward and slightly upward. When the mouth is closed tongue and teeth are not visible. Popoki: imbalance of the lower jaw. ELIMINATING FAULTS: Dudley nose, or nose-”Butterfly”; under-cous, visible language in the mouth is closed. Neck, topline, body. The neck is medium length, slightly arched. Back line is short and straight. Housing strong, short. Chest broad and deep, ribs protruding. Tail Set high and carried upright. Docked at two thirds the original length. Forelimbs of medium length, straight and well muscled, set well. Viewed from the front lines. Pasterns short and strong. Feet round, small, arched outwards or without deformity. Pads and claws black. Hind limbs placed properly. Thighs strong and muscular, the angle of the hock is expressed, hocks low pubescent, turning neither in nor out Adult Brussels Griffon playing outdoor Coat. Wirehaired: wiry and dense than the rougher and tougher, the better. Wool in any case should not be soft nor kind, nor to the touch, there should be no silky hair. It should not be too long, so the dog does not look unkempt and shaggy. Head is covered with coarse hair that is slightly longer around the eyes, nose, the cheekbones and chin, thus forming the border of the muzzle (eyebrows, mustache, beard, sideburns). Kemp Trimingham manually and in any case should not look untidy. The hair on the body should be long enough to determine its structure. Vices: wool, trimmed with scissors or clippers. Smooth: The coat is straight, short, tight and shiny, but not wiry. Color. Admitted: 1) Red with reddish-brown mask, interspersed with black hair, including mustaches, sideburns and beard. 2) beige mask mixed reddish brown and black hair, or pure black, including a mustache and sideburns. 3) Black and Tan – black with a properly positioned characteristic reddish-brown tan under the chin, on his feet, over eyes, on the edges of the ears and under the tail. 4) black. Can be “frost” on the face of adult dogs (age graying). Vices: the presence of white hair. Disqualifying faults: white spot anywhere on the body or the blaze on the head. Rectilinear motion. Self trot with moderate vymahom front and push the hindquarters. In this case, the spin remains straight and flat. Temperament. Intelligent, moving and touchy dog. Is full of confidence, verging on excessive self-concei

Chihuahua Posted: 02 Apr 2011 03:39 AM PDT Adult White Chihuahua posing for picture History of Indian-Toltec little known, but failed to establish that they lived in the territory of modern Mexico is already in the IX century AD. er. For several centuries, the Indians were bred dogs, which were called Techichi – they were small but not tiny, had a rough skeleton and long hair. Their most characteristic feature was the absence of barking. Techichi, regarded as the indigenous inhabitants of Central America, and was the ancestor of the Chihuahua, a very popular breed in the United States, where she was brought to perfection. Evidence that Techichi existed before the IX century, no, but it is possible that they lived here before the arrival of Maya Indians in the V century. Evidence strongly linking Techichi with Toltec period, are carved in stone, particularly in the monastery Uehotsingo near the highway leading from Mexico City to Puebla. This monastery was founded Franciscan monks in about 1530 and built of stone slabs, from which the Toltecs were folded still exist pyramid of Cholula. The drawings depicted the head and the appearance of a dog, closely resembling the modern Chihuahua. The Yucatan Peninsula as are the ruins of the pyramids with stone carving, from which we can conclude that Techichi lived in ancient Indian city of Chichen Itza. Toltec civilization was concentrated mainly around Tula, located near modern Mexico City, and here there are numerous remains of members of this ancient breed. In this regard, some experts constantly argue that this is actually the remains of the early representatives of modern rock from the Mexican state of Chihuahua. Skeletons of dogs were found in 1850 in old ruins near Casas Grandes, which say it is the remains of a palace built by Emperor Montes my I. Of the conclusions of C. de Blind, a famous Mexican breeders and handlers, who spent several years traveling around the country, that the Chihuahua originated from crossing Techichi with a small hairless dog that has fallen to Alaska from Asia by the isthmus, which connects to the ancient times of the two continents in the where is now the Bering Strait. It was this hairless dog similar to a modern Chinese naked dog, chihuahua owes its small size White Female Chihuahua decorative dog Civilization winners Toltec, Aztec, rapidly evolved over several centuries and the beginning of the conquest of America Riyadh, nano Cortes was in full bloom. The Aztecs had a vast wealth. Dogs of the nobility in high esteem, but has a blue color were considered sacred. As it may seem paradoxical, but the commoners could not find the application of this breed, and some legends even say that they ate. Swept in the 1519 -1520 years in Mexico, like a hurricane, Cortez little is left of the Aztec civilization. Almost all the riches of Montezuma were looted, and naturally, that his dog had been lost for several centuries. Homeland Techichi – Mexico, however, there is a letter of Christopher Columbus to the King of Spain, which casts a somewhat different light on the history of the breed. Drifting of the seizure he discovered the island of Cuba, Columbus wrote that he found “small breed dogs who were silent and did not bark, as usual, but have been domesticated.” These dogs could not bring to Cuba the Aztecs, who did not know shipping. Legends and historical facts are intertwined in the history of the modern Chihuahua. He is described as a home dog and as an object of worship, first in ancient Toltec tribes, then the Aztecs. Archaeologists discovered the remains of these dogs in human burials in Mexico and some areas of the United States Grey Puppy Chihuahua wearing dog clothes This explains the role that the dog played in the religious and mystical life of the Aztecs. It was used in the worship of deities, and when you move the souls of the dead to the underworld. The dog was sacrificed and burned along with the corpse of the deceased. It was believed that while all human sins are passed to the dog and thus managed to avert the wrath of the gods. It was believed that she was the conductor of the soul through the dark underground world, driving away evil spirits and bringing it to where the soul took on eternal rest. Modern Chihuahuas are different from their early ancestors of color, which ranges from snow white to coal black. In Mexico, like coal-black with tan and black dog with white spots, and in the U.S. prefer the solid colors. American breeders brought a tiny dog, size, exterior, mind and energy which almost no one with whom to compare. Surprisingly, Chihuahuas prefer the company to their own kind and not like other breeds. Most numerous in the United States smooth-type chihuahua, but the popularity of long-haired is growing rapidly Cute Chihuahua puppy staying under the blanket Chihuahua. Official Standard Approved September 11, 1990 General view. This is a small compact dog with a cheerful expression and tereropodobnymi traits. It moves a graceful, energetic and fast gait. Weight, proportion, composition. It is perfectly folded small dog weighing no more than 2,7 kg, slightly elongated (the length of the body, measured from humeroscapular joint to point of buttock slightly longer than the height at the withers). Males – closer to a square format. Disqualifying faults: the weight of more than 2,7 kg. Head. Skull rounded “apple”, but not tapered. Expression in his eyes the merrier. Eyes round, but not prominent, are the same, widely spaced. Eye color – vivid, dark or ruby. (Allowed with bright eyes in dogs light or white colors.) Ears are large, upright, facing forward when the dog is alert, and spaced at 45 ° outwards to the rest. Muzzle moderately short, slightly pointed. Jaws and cheeks are dry. Nose to the tone color with bright colors or black. When the mole “(dark brown), blue and chocolate color – in tone color. With bright colors may be flesh-colored nose. Direct or scissor bite. Flaws: undershot, overshot and wry jaw. ELIMINATING FAULTS: semi-erect or cropped ears. Neck, topline, body. The neck is slightly arched, blending smoothly into the withers. Line of the back straight. The edges are rounded, convex (but not so much that his chest was a barrel). Tail of medium length, crescent, the dog carries it up high, to the side or over the back, while the tail end of a little respect back. (Chihuahua, never pressed for a tail.) Disc iifitsiruyuschie vices: docked or short tail. Forequarters. The shoulders are dry, the shoulder girdle is moderately wide. The forelegs are straight, your elbows are directly under the withers. Scapula oblique (providing stability and strength of limbs), but the chest at the same time should not be a “bulldog.” The feet are small, graceful, well-separated fingers but not raspushennye, with soft pads (legs should not be any “cat” or “hare”). The pasterns are vertical. Flaws: sharp, straight blade Cute Chihuahua babies posing for picture on the Piano Hindquarters well muscled, with strong, well-spaced hocks turning neither out nor in, well let down. Feet are the same as in forequarters. Coat Smooth: the hair is short, thick, soft, tight and shiny. (Class undercoat.) Coat evenly distributed throughout the body, preferably with a “scruff” on the neck and less dense on head and ears. On the tail – thicker hair. Long-haired: Soft wool, straight or slightly wavy, with undercoat preferred. Ears with a fringe. When excessively long hair ears may be slightly bent at the ends of the severity of wool, not because of the weakness of cartilage. However, the ears should not hang. Hair on the tail thick and long – forms a “plume”. Desirable and preferred feathering on the feet and legs, pants on hind legs, a big, thick ruff around the neck. Disqualifying faults: a long-haired chihuahua - too rare and short hair, in which the dog looks like smooth. Color solid, sanded of any color or multicolored. Movement. Chihuahua should move fast step, confidently, with her head held high, with good reach forelimb corresponding to push back. In the observation of the rear rectilinear movement. With increasing speed, the limbs are shifted slightly under the body closer to the center line of gravity, and the topline should remain straight and the back – exactly. Temperament lively, energetic, tereropodobny. ELIMINATING FAULTS Weight more than 2,7 kg. Poluvisyachie or cropped ears. Docked or short tail from birth. In long-haired – is too rare and short hair, in which the dog looks like a smooth

English Toy Spaniel Posted: 02 Apr 2011 03:21 AM PDT Female English Toy Spaniel playing  in the park As civilization moved from East to West, not surprisingly, the oldest breeds of dogs appeared in the East. This also applies to the English Toy Spaniel, intelligent and loyal little dog, which has won the love of the royal family, the court aristocracy, the aristocracy and the richest people in more than three centuries ago. General opinion, if the toy spaniel appeared in England in the XVII century during the reign of King Charles II (black and tan type its name in honor of the monarch), is a fallacy. In fact, toy spaniel was known in England and Scotland over a hundred years before that time. How long toy spaniel settled in Europe, especially in the south it is not known. Nevertheless, many experts believe that the breed dates back to the ancient civilization of Japan, and possibly China. According to the testimony Leighton, the roots of the English Toy Spaniel were in Japan, where he was brought to Spain, then – in England. However, the extremely short nose breeds says that his ancestors were transported from Spain to Japan, where the breed has evolved and acquired a modern look. It is said that in 1613 several dogs brought in from Japan English naval officer, Captain Saris. They sent a gift to King James I of Japanese emperor (imperial gifts have always included dogs). History of Captain Saris seems persuasive, but hardly proves the appearance of the spaniel in England and Scotland, where he was already known. In the XVI century, Dr. John Caius, the personal physician of Queen Elizabeth I, in his book “The English dogs” wrote about the “gentle spaniel, otherwise known as” comforter “. His other references give a description of the dog breed, almost identical to the modern toy spaniel English Toy Spaniel walking in the park It is hard to imagine a toy spaniel with ascetic Elizabeth I. There are reliable sources that at the same time it was the kindest dog loved Mary, Queen of Scots. Their early years (the first third of XVI century), the queen held in France and when he returned to Scotland, the Queen brought with her a few dogs. Mary remained true to this breed until his death. Preserved evidence that her beloved dog refused to part with it even on the scaffold. All Toy Spaniels that time, until King Charles II, is likely to be black and tan-type, later named after the English monarch – King Charles. Favorite of King Charles dogs were brought from France, Henrietta of Orleans, and one of them is described as black and white. Later, there were other types of – Prince Charles (tricolor: white, black and tan), Ruby (chestnut red) and Blen-heim (white with chestnut-red). For a long time they were bred without regard to color, so often in the same litter puppies have met several types. And only now shared by dog ??breeders breed for color. History type Blenheim seems more certain, though there is much disagreement. Merit in the appearance of Blenheim, that is a red-white dogs, attributed to John Churchill, first Duke of Marlborough. Churchill, a famous warrior and diplomat, was promoted to the graphs in 1689 and then in 1702 – at Duke. In his tenure he received Blenheim Castle, which has since served as the family nest Marlborough English Toy Spaniel with long brown and white coat Ash argues that the first Duke of Marlborough received a gift from China a couple of red-and-white cocker spaniel that was used for subsequent matings. The fact that the toy spaniel comes from China, reaffirmed and Lady de Goks mentions that in Italy from China brought many dogs, red-white-and black-and-white colors. Later they were crossed with cockers and Springer to strengthen the hunting instinct and passion, that of the spaniel kept to this day. Duke of Marlborough for many generations bred type of Blenheim, and apparently without a cast-blood of other breeds, except, perhaps, Cocker Spaniel, and others. In 1800, Scott claimed that Blenheims Marlborough were the smallest and best cocker spaniels in England. They have successfully used for hunting woodcock. A more recent evidence gives descriptions of Blenheim dogs as larger than the other red and white representatives of the breed. Blenheims Marlboro had as an explicit, short-pointed nose. Despite differing views on the early history of the English Toy Spaniel, we can say that its modern styles have evolved from various small spaniels England. Selective selection to reduce their size, but not completely erased the natural hunting instincts Decorative English Toy Spaniel puppy posing for picture English Toy Spaniel. Official Standard Approved June 13, 1989 General view. English Toy Spaniel – a compact, stocky little dog with a square format korotkonosoy, domed head, a cheerful, affectionate nature and a long, silk-stop “sherstyo. The compact, sturdy body, charm, along with a rounded head, live, dark eyes and flattened snout are his hallmarks and give him a high origin. An important characteristic of the breed is the head. Growth, proportion, composition. Weight: 3,6 – 6,3 kg. Harmonicity of addition is more important than weight. However, the smaller the dog, the better. This compact dog with a format approaching the square. Addition of a strong and powerful. The head is large compared with the case, well filled under the eyes, with upturned face and yet with a certain degree of sophistication by which it does not look rough. Expression in his eyes soft and attractive, indicating comprehension. Eyes large, dark brown or black, straight and low set (at the back of the nose), and the whites of the eyes are not visible or only slightly noticeable. Eyelid black. Ears are very long, low-set, close to the head, heavily coated with feathering. Skull high and domed. The more prominent forehead, the better. The transition from forehead to muzzle deep, well-defined. Muzzle very short, turned, and well filled under eyes. Square jaw, wide and deep. Well curved, with a tight fitting lips, giving a muzzle finished appearance. Nose is large, coal-black, with large, wide-open nostrils. Bite – close a snack. Teeth when the mouth is closed is not visible. Flaws: wry jaw visible when mouth is closed language

Italian Greyhound Posted: 02 Apr 2011 03:12 AM PDT Large Italian Greyhound male Italian Greyhound – the smallest of the family hounds (dogs that chase the beast in the seeing). It is believed that the breed originated more than two thousand years ago in the Mediterranean, possibly in an area where there are Greece and Turkey. This theory is based on the fact that the image of a miniature Greyhound found on ancient articles of decorative and applied arts of the region, as well as on the fact that during archaeological excavations uncovered the skeletons of small greyhounds. Although this breed is not very popular in the Middle Ages, it was the favorite in Italy of the XVI century, where the tiny dogs were always in fashion. Thus, the breed was called the Italian Greyhound. It was saved from ancient times because of its beauty, small size and gentle nature. She is often depicted by such artists of the Renaissance, as Giotto, Carpaccio, Memling, Van der Weyden, Gerard David, Hieronymus Bosch and others. The Italian Greyhound was a favorite dog of many members of royal families, such as wife of King James I, Anne Danish, Prussian King Frederick the Great, the Russian Czarina Catherine the Great and Queen Victoria. In volume 1 Studbook English Kennel Club registered 40 representatives of the breed. The first Italian Greyhound was registered by the American Kennel Club in 1886. But only in 1950, the number of dogs has increased to 50 in England as this number was reached in 1957 Two Italian Greyhounds- male and female siting on the porch In the years following both world wars, the breed was on the verge of extinction. In England, dogs imported from the USA. This proves that in America, cultivated Italian Grey Hound of high quality. Over the past twenty years, the breed gained unprecedented popularity before. Italian Greyhounds participated in competitions of obedience, and successfully demonstrated at exhibitions in all U.S. states, often winning the title of “Best in Show.” Italian Greyhound – a true greyhound in miniature. Until now, there is debate, whether this breed is bred to hunt small game, or as a toy and a companion. Most likely they fulfilled both roles and therefore appropriate for the content and in the apartment and outside the city. Italian Greyhound loves the comfort and convenience of a city apartment, at the same time, as this greyhound, he needed space and outdoor play. Representatives of this breed and can weigh slightly more than 2 kg and 6.5 kg, but the ideal weight – 3,6 kg. In the Italian Greyhound is short, smooth and tight hair, practically does not require special care. It does not smell and almost no shedding. Although it looks fragile, it is strong and hardy dog ??that rarely gets sick and feels at home in such northern countries as Sweden and Scotland. Females give birth to very easily, and because they always make good mothers. Perhaps the most remarkable feature of the Italian Greyhound is his affectionate, loving nature. He feels the reciprocal love and happy only in the presence of the owner and his family, although often by strangers. This is a sensitive, energetic and intelligent dog whose playfulness is retained even after maturation. It is easy to get used to the house, loves children and gets along well with other pets. Although the Italian Greyhound is very similar to the present, it is considerably smaller in size and constitution, has some qualities and elegant movements – a light, high-step. Wool his soft, smooth and shiny. Any color is allowed, and any spot, except for colored spots and a black and tan Young male Italian Greyhound puppy playing outdoor Italian greyhound. Official Standard Approved December 14, 1976 General view. The Italian Greyhound is very similar to the Greyhound, but smaller and has an extraordinary elegance and grace. Head long and narrow, tapering to the nose, with a smooth, barely marked the transition from forehead to muzzle. The skull is long, almost flat. The muzzle is long, thin, dry, delicately chiselled. Nose is dark: black, brown or tone color. Scissor bite. Eyes with an intelligent expression, dark, shiny, medium size. Ears are small, soft to the touch. Usually drawn back and held tightly to the neck (in otklade). FAULTS: light colored or not fully pigmented nose, over-or undershot, very bright eyes, erect or semi-erect ears are set high. Neck long, lean, graceful curved. Corps of medium length, compact. Withers are high. The back is arched, with the highest point at the beginning of the waist that forms expressed in podobrannost pahah, gradually descends to the base of the tail. Shoulder blades are long and sloping. Chest deep and narrow Adult Italian Greyhound breed dog The forelegs are long, straight, your elbows are directly under the withers. The pasterns are strong, with fine bone, vertically placed. Hind limbs. Thighs long and muscular. When viewed from the rear hind legs are straight and parallel to each other. Hocks are omitted, the angle of the knee joint is expressed. Feet long, narrow, arched. Dewclaws can not delete. The tail is thin, tapering to a curved end. Low set. Average length – comes to the hock. The dog carries it low. Faults: Tail to the “ring”, the tail, which rises vertically upwards. Coat. The skin is thin and elastic, the hair is short, shiny and soft to the touch like sati

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