Sunday, February 6, 2011

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Durian Fruit Cultivation

Posted: 03 Feb 2011 05:40 PM PST

1durian 01 Durian Fruit Cultivation

GROWTH CONDITIONS

Durian grows optimally at an altitude of 50-600 m above sea level, light intensity 40-50%, with a temperature of 22-30 0C, ideal rainfall 1500-2500 mm per year. Suitable land, fertile sandy loam and lots of organic matter content, and pH 6-7.

Nurseries
Select a fertile seeds, fresh, healthy, leaves many, stem robust, free of pests & diseases, 2-4 branching direction and there are new shoots

LAND PREPARATION
The opening should be on dry land. Clear weeds and other weeds and crops that interfere with the entry of sunlight. Sloping land should be made terraces. Create drainage channels.

2durian 02 Durian Fruit Cultivation

PLANTING DISTANCE

General spacing of 8 x 12 m or 10 x 10 m

PLANT PROTECTOR

Large-scale outdoor plant protector is absolutely necessary, for example lamtoro, turi, Gliricidia, sengon or papaya. Cover crops planted after land preparation.

Planting Hole
Make the planting hole the size of 50 cm2. Separate the top soil with the bottom and leave for 2 weeks. Top soil mixed with manure mature 20 kg + 5 g + 10 kg GLIO Natural Dolomite until blended as planting media, and insert the mixture into the planting hole and allow 1 week before the seed is planted.

3durian 03 Durian Fruit Cultivation

Planting
The ideal planting at the beginning of the rainy season. Dig a planting hole that contains a mixture of appropriate planting medium seed size. Take the seed and open the plastic wrapper carefully ground. Planted seedlings without roots include limited neck stem. Pour enough water after planting. It would be better SUPERNASA plus organic fertilizer dose of 1 bottle to ± 200 plants. 1 bottle SUPERNASA diluted in 2 liters (2000 ml) of water used as mother liquor. Then for every 1 liter of water was given 10 ml of mother liquor and then pour any tree or SUPERNASA pour 1 tablespoon per 10 liters of water per tree.

Irrigation
Watering done since the beginning of growth until the plants start producing. At the time of flowering, watering reduced. Watering is best early morning.

Pruning
Crop of water shoots, branches or twigs that have died of disease and pests, as well as branches that are not exposed to sunlight. When the plant reaches a certain height of 4-5 m, crop tops trimmed.

Pollination
Not all flowers can be a durian fruit because the flowers bloom in the afternoon till night so not many insect pollinators. In addition, not all durian flowers appear simultaneously, whereas pollination successful if pollen and the stigma must be cooked simultaneously. Therefore, artificial pollination needs to be done, how to brush soft brush on the flowers bloom at night. To maximize the quality and quantity, preferably in one area of cultivation is not only one type of specific varieties, but mixed with other varieties.

4durian 04 Durian Fruit Cultivation

FRUIT TREATMENT
Selection of fruit after 5 cm in diameter. Leave two best fruit, fruit ideal distance from one another about 30 cm. Durian fruit for the first time should be kept one or two items of fruit. To prevent loss of fruit after the fruit was 10 days since formed, even better if given the macro NPK fertilizer (0.5 to 1 kg / tree) plus NUTRION POWER (1 bottle for 30-50 trees).

5durian 05 Durian Fruit Cultivation

6durian 06 Durian Fruit Cultivation

7durian 07 Durian Fruit Cultivation

Turkey

Posted: 03 Feb 2011 12:50 AM PST

turkey Turkey

Turkey or chicken turkey is the name for two species of large birds of the order Galliformes genus Meleagris.

Female turkeys are smaller and plumage less colorful than the male turkey. While in the wild, easily recognizable from the range turkey wings which reach 1.5 to 1.8 meters.

North American species of turkeys is called M. gallopavo turkey while Central American origin is called M. ocellata.

Turkeys in different languages

When the turkey was first discovered in America, the Europeans recognize it as a bird of African origin Numida meleagris, also known as “chicken turkey” because it was imported from Central Europe via Turkey. In English, the turkey still referred to as “Turkey” until now. Turkeys including the genus Meleagris which in Greek means “Guinea fowl origin. ”

The names in various languages of the world for Domesticated turkey also reflect the name of the country of origin turkey that “exotic” by the ancients. Once looked bewildered old man about turkey country of origin. At the time, people believed the location of the American continent only recently discovered is located in East Asia. In addition, the ancients like naming animals with the names of faraway places and exotic in order to sell expensive.

Turkey is the Indonesian spelling for the Dutch language “kalkoen” taken from the name Kalikut cities in India. While the Dutch Chicken is a Malay term for the turkey. In the language of Denmark and Norway, also known as turkey turkey, or kalkon (Swedish language), Kalkuun (German downstream), kalkkuna (Finnish language), and kalakuna in the language of Papiamento.

  • In the language of Nahuatl, wild turkey called guajolote (old spelling: xuehxolotl).
  • In Spanish called Pavo.
  • In the Turkish language is called Hindi, which means “from India.” The French also call it d’inde (short for French poulet d’inde, which means “chicken from India”).
  • In the language of Catalan is called gall dindi (chicken India).
  • In the Hebrew language is called tarnegol Hodu (?????? ????), which literally means “Indian chicken”. By coincidence, Hodu (India) is a homonym means “thank you” (English: “thanks”). So often there are misunderstandings, “tarnegol Hodu” thought to mean “chicken for Thanksgiving. “
  • In the Russian language is called indiuk (?????), indyk in Polish, or indik (??????) in Yiddish which all mean India.
  • In the language of Malta is called dundjan (read dondyan) that although the faint means India.
  • In Arabic it is called deek roumi (? ????) which means cock bird Roman or Ethiopia.The Portuguese called the change, the same as the name of the country of Peru.
    # In Gre
  • ek called gallopoula which means “bird of France”.
  • In the language of Bulgaria is called ????? (puijka) or ??????? (misirka) which means the country of Egypt.
  • In the Scottish Gaelic language called cearc frangach meaning “French chicken”.
  • In the language of Italy is called tacchino.
  • In Japanese called? (shichimench?, chicken seven face?) or? chilmyeonjo in Korean. Section head gobbler, lint can change the color, so people assume the face turkey can change depending on the mood.
  • In the Chinese language is called (?) huoji because his head is red like the color of fire.

turkey female111 Turkey

Sexual Reproduction

Turkeys are known to have unique capabilities in asexual reproduction. Although there is no male turkey, turkey females can produce fertile eggs. Children produced turkeys often sick and almost always male. This behavior can interfere with the process of egg incubation at turkey farm.

Fossil turkeys

Most of the types of turkey just now been living fossil. Subfamilia Meleagridinae known from the early Miocene and has genus Rhegminornis (early Miocene) and Proagriocharis (late Miocene / early Pliocene). Fossils of the genus turkey is not known but similar to Meleagris known from the late Miocene.

List of turkey which is known only from fossils alone:

  • Meleagris sp. (early Pliocene)
  • Meleagris leopoldi (late Pliocene)
  • Meleagris progenes (late Pliocene)
  • Meleagris sp. (late Pliocene)
  • Meleagris Anza (early Pleistocene era)
  • Meleagris californica (late Pleistocene age)
  • Meleagris crassipes (late Pleistocene age)

Livestock including poultry such as chickens, geese and ducks are now already widely farmed in large integrated farms

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